Term
| Why is it difficult to suppress viral reproduction without also harming the cells of the host? |
|
Definition
| Because viruses use host-cell enzymes and substrates to reproduce. |
|
|
Term
| What is the drug of choice for most infections caused by herpes simplex viruses and varicella-zoster virus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does acyclovir suppress viral reproduction? Why is it not hazardous to human host cells? |
|
Definition
By inhibiting viral DNA polymerase and by causing premature termination of viral DNA strand growth.
It is not a good inhibitor of human DNA polymerase. |
|
|
Term
| Why must patients with renal failure get a reduced dose of acyclovir? |
|
Definition
| because acyclovir is eliminated unchanged from the kidneys |
|
|
Term
| How can intravenous acyclovir-induced kidney injury be reduced? |
|
Definition
| by infusing acyclovir slowly and ensuring adequate hydration during and after infusion. |
|
|
Term
| What is the drug of choice for prophylaxis and treatment of CMV infection in immunocompromised patients? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the major adverse effects of ganciclovir? |
|
Definition
| granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia |
|
|
Term
| How can hepatitis B be prevented? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is there a vaccine for hepatitis C? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is hepatitis C treated? |
|
Definition
| With interferon alfa, ribavirin, and HCV protease inhibitors such as boceprevir and telaprevir |
|
|
Term
| What are the principle adverse effects of interferon alfa? |
|
Definition
| flu-like syndrom and severe depression |
|
|
Term
| What are the principle adverse effects of ribavirin? |
|
Definition
| Hemorrhagic anemia and fetal death or malformation |
|
|
Term
| What can be used to treat Hepatitis B? |
|
Definition
| interferon alfa or a nucleioside analog such as lamivudine |
|
|
Term
What is the best way to prevent influenza?
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who should be vaccinated for influenza? |
|
Definition
| Everyone aged six months and older |
|
|
Term
| What are the two types of antiviral drug for influenza? |
|
Definition
| Neuraminidase inhibitors and adamantanes |
|
|
Term
| Which antivirals are the drug of choice for treatment and prophylaxis of influenza? |
|
Definition
|
|
