Term
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Definition
| Structural component of the nucleus, composed of nucleic acids and proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| Threadlike structures within the nucleus composed of a DNA molecule that carries hereditary information encoded in genes |
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Term
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Definition
| jellylike substance found within the cell membrane composed of proteins, salts, water, dissolved gases, and nutrients |
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Term
| Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) |
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Definition
| Molecule that holds genetic information capable of replicating and producing an exact copy whenever the cell divides |
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Term
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Definition
| Muscular wall that divides the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity |
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Term
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Definition
| Sum of all physical and chemical changes that take place in a cell or an organism |
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Term
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Definition
| Cellular structure that provides a specialized function, such as the nucleus (reproduction), ribosomes (protein synthesis), Golgi apparatus (removal of material from the cell), and lysosomes (digestion) |
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Term
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Definition
| Study of the nature of disease, their causes, development, and consequences |
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Term
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Definition
| Rhythmic contraction and relaxation of the walls of a tubular organ to propel its contents onward |
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Term
Midsagitaal (median)
(plane) |
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Definition
Right and left halves
(anatomical division) |
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Term
Coronal (frontal)
(plane) |
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Definition
Anterior (ventral) and posterior (dorsal) aspects
(anatomical division) |
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Term
Transverse (horizontal)
(plane) |
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Definition
Superior (upper) and inferior (lower) aspects
(anatomical division) |
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Major Organs
Heart, Lungs, and associated structures |
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Term
Cavity
Ventral
Abdominopelvic |
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Definition
Major Organs
Digestive, excretory, and reproductive organs and structures |
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Term
Right Upper Quadrant
(RUQ) |
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Definition
| Right lobe of liver, gallbladder, part of pancreas, part of small and large intestines |
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Term
Left Upper Quadrant
(LUQ) |
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Definition
| Left lobe of liver, stomach, spleen, part of pancreas, part of small and large intestines |
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Term
Right Lower Quadrant
(RLQ) |
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Definition
| Part of small and large intestines, appendix, right ovary, right fallopian tube, right uterer |
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Term
Left Lower Quadrant
(LLQ) |
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Definition
| Part of small and large intestines, left ovary, left fallopian tube, left ureter |
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Term
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Definition
| upper left region beneath the ribs |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Upper right region beneath the ribs |
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Term
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Definition
| Left middle lateral region |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Right middle lateral region |
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Term
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Definition
| Left lower lateral region |
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Term
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Definition
| Lower middle region beneath the navel |
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Term
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Definition
| Right lower lateral region |
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Term
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Definition
| movement away from the medsagittal (median) plane of the body or one of its parts |
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Term
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Definition
| Movement toward the midsagittal (median) plane of the body |
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Term
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Definition
| Pertaining to the midline of the body or structure |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Toward the head or upper portion of the structure |
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Term
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Definition
| away from the head, or toward the tail or lower part of a stucture |
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Term
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Definition
| Nearer to the center (trunk of the body) or the point of attachment to the body |
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Term
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Definition
| Further from the center (trunk of the body) or from the point attachment to the body |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Pertaining to the outer wall of the body cavity |
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Term
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Definition
| Pertaining to the viscera, or internal organs, especially the abdominal organs |
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Term
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Definition
| Lying on the abdomen, face down |
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Term
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Definition
| Lying horizontally on the back, face up |
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Term
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Definition
| turning inward or inside out |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Pertaining to the palm of the hand |
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Term
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Definition
| Pertaining to the sole of the foot |
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Term
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Definition
| Toward the surface of the body (external) |
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Term
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Definition
| Away from the surface of the body (internal) |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| gray; gray matter (of brain or spinal cord) |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| back (of body), behind, posterior |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
neck; cervix uteri (neck of the uterus
cervical-pertaining to the neck |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| ilium (lateral flaring portion of hip bone) |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| radiation, x-ray; radius (lower arm bone on thumb side) |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| forming, producing, origin |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| specialist in the study of |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal fibrous band that holds or binds together tissues that are normally separated |
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Term
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Definition
| substance analyzed or tested, generally by means of laboratory methods |
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Term
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Definition
| substance injected into the body, introduced via catheter, or swallowed to facilitate radiographic images of internal structures that otherwise are difficult to visualize on x-ray film |
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Term
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Definition
| bursting open of a wound, especially a surgical abdominal wound |
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Term
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Definition
| feverish; pertaining to a fever |
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Term
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Definition
| relative constancy or balance in the internal environment of the body, maintained by processes of feedback and adjusment in response to external or internal changes |
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Term
|
Definition
| body defense against injury, infection, or allergy that is marked by redness, swelling, heat, pain, and sometimes, loss of function |
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Term
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Definition
| diseased; pertaining to a disease |
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Term
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Definition
| branch of medicine concerned with the use of radioactive substances for diagnosis, treatment, and research |
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Term
|
Definition
| medical speciality concerned with the use of electromagnetic radiation, ultrasound, and imaging techniques for diagnosis and treatment of disease and injury |
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Term
|
Definition
| Radiological practice that employs fluroscopy, CT, and ultrasound in nonsurgical treatment of various disorders |
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Term
|
Definition
| Use of ionizing radiation in the treatment of cancer; also called radiation oncology |
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Term
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Definition
| Substances that emit radiation spontaneously; also called tracers |
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Term
|
Definition
| Radionuclide attached to a protein, sugar, or other substance used to visualize an organ or area of the body that will be scanned |
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Term
|
Definition
| Term used to describe a computerized image by modality (such as a CT, MRI, and nuclear imaging) or by structure (such as thyroid and bone) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Pathological state, usually febrile, resulting from the presence of microorganisms or their products in the bloodstream |
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Term
|
Definition
| Producing or associated with generation of pus |
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Term
|
Definition
| Visual examination of a body cavity or canal using a specialized lighted instrument called an endoscope |
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Term
|
Definition
| Visual examination of the organs of the pelvis and abdomen through very small incisions in the abdominal wall |
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Term
|
Definition
| Examination of the lungs pleura, and pleural space with a scope inserted through a small incision between the ribs |
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Term
| Complete blood count (CBC) |
|
Definition
| common blood test that enumerates red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets; measures hemoglobin (the oxygen-carrying molecule in red blood cells); estimates red cell volume; and sorts white blood cells into five subtypes with their percentages |
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Term
|
Definition
| Common urine screening test that evaluates the physical, chemical, and microscopic properties of urine |
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Term
|
Definition
| Imaging technique acheived by rotating an x-ray emitter around the area to be scanned and measuring the intensity of transmitted rays from different angles; formerly called computerized axial tomography |
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Term
|
Definition
| Ultrasound technique used to detect and measure blood-flow velocity and direction through the cardiac chambers, valves, and peripheral vessels by reflecting sound waves off moving blood cells |
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Term
|
Definition
| Radiographic technique in which x-rays are directed through the body to a fluorescent screen that displays continuous motion images of internal structures |
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Term
| Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) |
|
Definition
| Noninvasive imaging technique that uses radiowaves and a strong magnetic field rather than an x-ray beam to produce multiplanar crosssectional images |
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Term
|
Definition
| diagnostic technique that uses a radioactive material (radiopharmaceutical) called a tracer that is introduced into the body (inhaled, ingested, or injected) and a specialized camera to produce images of organs and structures |
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Term
| Positron Emission Tomography (PET) |
|
Definition
| scanning technique using computerized tomography to record the positrons (positive charged particles) emitted from a radiopharmeceutical, that produces a cross-sectional image of metabolic activity in body tissues to determin the prescence of disease |
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Term
|
Definition
| imaging technique tat uses x-rays passed through the body or area and caputred on a film; also called x-ray |
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Term
| Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) |
|
Definition
| Radiological technique that integrates computed tomograpgy (CT) and a radioactive material (tracer) injected into the bloodstream to visualize blood flow to tissues and organs |
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Term
|
Definition
| Radiographic technique that produces an image representing a detailed cross-section, or slice, of an area, tissue, or organ at a predetermined depth |
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Term
|
Definition
| Imaging procedure using high-frequency sound waves (ultrasound) that display that reflected "echoes" on a monitor; also called ultrasound, sonography, echo, and echography |
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Term
|
Definition
| Representative tissue sample removed from a body site for microscopic examination, usually to establish a diagnosis |
|
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Term
| frozen section (FS) biopsy |
|
Definition
| Ultra-thin slice of tissue cut from a frozen specimen for immediate pathological examination |
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Term
|
Definition
| Removal of a small tissue sample for examination using a hollow needle, usually attached to a syringe |
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Term
|
Definition
| Removal of a small core of tissue using a hollow instrument (punch) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Removal of tissue using a surgicial blade to shave elevated lesions |
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Term
|
Definition
| removal of a part, pathway, or function by surgery, chemical destruction, electrocautery, freezing, or radio frequency (RF) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Surgical joining of two ducts, vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another |
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Term
|
Definition
| Destroy tissue by electricity, freezing, heat, or corosive chemicals |
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Term
|
Definition
| Scraping of a body cavity with a spoon-shaped instrument called a curette (curet) |
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Term
| Incision and Drainage (I & D) |
|
Definition
| Incision made to allow the free flow or withdrawal of fluids from a wound or cavitiy |
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Term
|
Definition
| Surgical technique employing a device that emits intense heat and power at close range to cut, burn, vaporize, or destroy tissues |
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Term
|
Definition
| Surgical removal of tissue in an extensive area surrounding the surgical site in an attempt to excise all tissue that may be malignant and decrease the chance of recurrence |
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Term
|
Definition
| Partial excision of a bone, organ, or other structure |
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Digital Subtraction Angiography |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Positron Emission Tomography |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| rheumatoid factor; radio frequency |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| single photon emission computer tomography |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| ultrasound ultrasonography |
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