Term
| A sequence of DNA that contains information for the synthesis of RNA molecules used in the manufacture of proteins is also known as a(n) ________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A murder has occurred, and you are asked to help solve it. The police bring you a sample from the crime scene of what they believe is the killer’s DNA and ask you for a chemical analysis. Your study of this sample reveals the presence of adenine, thymine, ribose, and uracil, leading you to conclude that the sample is |
|
Definition
| probably a mixture of DNA and RNA. |
|
|
Term
| Consider the DNA template shown in the middle of Figure 13.9 in your textbook. If the C at the start of the sequence of bases is deleted, this genetic mutation will result in |
|
Definition
a frameshift that affects the entire mRNA molecule. |
|
|
Term
| in a ribosome in the process of translating a molecule of mRNA, a maximum of ________ codon(s) can be occupied by tRNA at any one time. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Genes code for which of the following biological molecules?
-enzymes
-structural protiens
-transport protiens
-defense protiens
-all the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A small segment of DNA on the template strand contains the base sequence CGT. If an mRNA transcript is made that includes this sequence, what would be the anticodon on the tRNA that would bind to this corresponding mRNA sequence? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Consider a complete, functional piece of mRNA that contains a total of 66 codons. What is the maximum number of amino acids that could be present in the protein coded for by this mRNA? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Refer to Figure 13.8 in your textbook. The small red triangle represents
|
|
Definition
| the first amino acid added to the new protien. |
|
|
Term
The process of gene transcription begins with the
|
|
Definition
binding of RNA polymerase to a region of DNA called the promoter. |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following events does not occur during the process of translation? |
|
Definition
| cytosine in DNA pairs with guanine in RNA, and thymine in DNA Pairs with adenine in RNA. |
|
|
Term
| In order for the information contained in a gene to be used to produce a functioning protein |
|
Definition
| information must be transcribed into mRNA and then translated into amino acids. |
|
|
Term
| During protein translation, “wobble” refers to: |
|
Definition
| the ability of a tRNA molecule to bind to more than a single unique codon. |
|
|
Term
| Consider the Biology in the News article “Researchers Delve into ‘Gene for Speed’.” Which of the following human genotypes would the genetically engineered knockout mice most closely resemble? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
If you expose a cell to chemicals that specifically disrupt the function of RNA polymerase, which of the following processes will be most directly impacted?
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Prior to mutation, a sequence of DNA reads GAGCCTATGCCAGTA. After the mutation, the sequence reads GAGCGTACGCCATTA. Which of the following best explains the change in DNA that has occurred? |
|
Definition
There were multiple base substitutions. |
|
|
Term
| A triplet base sequence on the template strand of DNA reads ATT. What will be the corresponding mRNA codon, tRNA anticodon, and amino acid coded for by this DNA? |
|
Definition
| TAA,AUU:no amino acid(=stop codon) |
|
|
Term
| Refer to Figure 13.10 in your textbook. If the original triplet DNA codon CTC had mutated into CTT instead of CAC as shown, what would have been the consequence for the hemoglobin formed from this alternative mutation? |
|
Definition
| Normal hemoglobin would have been made. |
|
|
Term
| Refer to the information on the genetic code provided in Figure 13.5. Use this information to determine how many amino acids are coded for by the mRNA sequence AUGCGCAGUCGGUAG. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Without the ________ site on a molecule of DNA, ________ cannot bind to the DNA to begin the process of ________. |
|
Definition
| promoter; RNA polymerase; mRNA transcription |
|
|
