Term
|
Definition
| Occurs when individuals construct a personal interpretation of the world by filtering new ideas and experiences through existing knowledge structures (schemes) |
|
|
Term
| Discovering Learning (an early constructivist perspective) |
|
Definition
A teaching strategy that encourages children to seek solutions to problems either on their own or in group discussion
-Discover how ideas relate to each other and to existing knowledge
There is too much emphasis on rote learning of verbal statements and math formulas that cannot be applied outside the classroom |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A form of constructivist learning theory that emphasizes the role of assimilation and accommodation in constructing an understanding of the world in which one lives |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The idea that problem solving skills, cognitive strategies, and knowledge are closely linked to the specific context or environment in which they are acquired
the more true to life the task, the more meaningful the learning |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A clearly formulated problem with known solution procedures and known evaluation standards |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Complex, few clues to solution procedure, less-definite criteria for measuring solution |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ill-structured problems
-Tend to divide people into opposing camps because of the emotions they arouse
-Primary goal, at least initially, is not to determine a course of action but to identify the most reasonable position |
|
|
Term
| Effective Problem Framing |
|
Definition
Understanding the nature of the problem
-The process of finding ways to express a problem so as to recall the optimal amount of solution-relevant information from long-term memory
-Requires high level of knowledge of subject matter and familiarity with that type of problem |
|
|
Term
| Problem Solving Heuristics |
|
Definition
Formulate and Carry Out a Solution
-Study Worked examples
-Work on a simpler version of the problem
-Break the problem into parts
-Work backword
-Study successively partial solutions (backward fading)
-Solve an analogous problem
-Create an external representation of the problem |
|
|
