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will have a fulcrum (something the it pivots on)
an effort that exerted on it
and will have resistance (load) that you are trying to move |
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to move something
ex: baseball, ax, crow bar |
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| the purpose behind a lever |
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| , the insertion generally moves toward the origin |
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| another muscle (or group) “undoes” |
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| Whatever a muscle (or group of muscles) does, |
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| work together in opposition |
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- – bone or body region associated with the muscle
temporalis over the temporal bone |
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a rigid bar that moves on a fulcrum, or fixed point
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force applied to a lever
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| – resistance moved by the effort |
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| e.g., the deltoid muscle (deltoid = triangle) |
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| e.g., maximus (largest), minimus (smallest), longus (long), brevis (short) |
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– e.g., rectus (fibers run straight), transversus, and oblique (fibers run at angles to an imaginary defined axis)
rectus, oblique and trasverse |
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| when the form biceps (two origins) and triceps (three origins), quadraceps you cna assume that the muscle has 2 three or 4 orgins. biceps has 2 orgins |
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| Location of attachments – |
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Definition
named according to point of origin or insertion
the sternocleidomastoid muscle has its orgin on the sternum (sterno) and its insertion on the clavicle (cleido) and inserts on the mastoid process of the temporal bone |
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Term
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Definition
e.g., flexor or extensor, as in the names of muscles that flex or extend, respectively
all the adductor muscles of the anterior thigh bring about its adduction, and all the extensor muscles of the wrist extend the wrist |
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Term
Synergists
· Frontalis Occipitalis
· Anterior Scalene Middle Scalene Posterior Scalene
· Anterior Auricularis Posterior Auricularis Superior Auricularis
· External Intercostals External Intercostals
· Rectus Adominus External Oblique Transversus Adominus
· Teres Major Teres Minor Infraspinatus Suscapularis
· Rhomboids Major Rhomboids Minor
· Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor
· Biceps Brachii Brachiialis
· Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
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Definition
Synergists
· Frontalis Occipitalis
· Anterior Scalene Middle Scalene Posterior Scalene
· Anterior Auricularis Posterior Auricularis Superior Auricularis
· External Intercostals External Intercostals
· Rectus Adominus External Oblique Transversus Adominus
· Teres Major Teres Minor Infraspinatus Suscapularis
· Rhomboids Major Rhomboids Minor
· Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor
· Biceps Brachii Brachiialis
· Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Digitorum Superficialis |
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Term
Antagonists
· Depressor anguli oris Risorius
· Sternocleidomastoid Splenus capitis
· Triceps Brachii Biceps Brachii
· Pronator Supinator
· Flexor Carpi Radialis Extensor Carpi Radialis (Longus & Brevus)
· Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
· Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Extensor Digitorum
· Adductor Pollicis Abductor Pollicis (Longus & Brevus) |
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Definition
Antagonists
· Depressor anguli oris Risorius
· Sternocleidomastoid Splenus capitis
· Triceps Brachii Biceps Brachii
· Pronator Supinator
· Flexor Carpi Radialis Extensor Carpi Radialis (Longus & Brevus)
· Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
· Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Extensor Digitorum
· Adductor Pollicis Abductor Pollicis (Longus & Brevus) |
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Term
Adductor magnus- synergist to the hamstrings in thigh extension
Adductor longus- flexes and medially rotates thigh
Adductor brevis- medially rotates thigh
Pectineus- adducts flexes and medially rotates thigh
Gracilis- adducts thigh, flexes, and medially rotates leg, especially during walking
Rectus femoris- extends knee and flexes hip
Vastus lateralis- extends and stabilize knee
Vastus medialis- extends knee
Vastus intermedius- extends knee
Tensor fasciae latae- steadies the knee and trunk on the thigh by making the iliotibial tract taut; flexes and abducts thigh; rotates thigh medially
Gluteus maximus- major exstensor of thigh
Gluteus medius- abducts and medially rotates thigh
Quadriceps femoris- rotates thigh laterally and stabilizes hip joint
Hamstrings- the prime movers of thigh extension and knee flexion
Biceps femoris- extends thigh and flexes knee; laterally rotates leg, especially when knee is flexed
Semitendinosus- extends thigh and flexes knee; w/ semimembranosus, medially rotates leg
Semimembranous- extends thigh and flexes knee; mediallyt rotates leg
Tibialis anterior- prime mover of dorsiflexion;inverts foot; assists in supporting medial longitudinal arch of foot
Extensor digitorium longus- prime mover of toe exstension; dorsiflexes the foot.
Fibularis- dorsiflexes and everts foot
Extensor hallucis longus- extends great toe; dorsi flexes foot
Peroneus longus- planter flexes and everts foot; may keep foot flat on ground
Peroneus brevis- plantar flexion and everts foot
Triceps surae- prime movers of ankle planter flexion
Gastrocnemius- planter flexes the foot
Soleus- planter flexes the foot
Popliteus- flexes and rotates leg medially to unlock extended knee when flexion begins
Flexor digitorum longus- plantar flexes and inverts foot; flexes toes; helps foot grip ground
Tibialis anterior- prime mover of foot inversion; plantar flexes foot; stabilizes medial longitundinal arch of foot.
Extensor digitorium brevis- helps extend joints @ metatarsophalegeal joints
Flexor digitorium brevis- helps to flex toe
Abductor hallucis- abducts great toe |
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Definition
Adductor magnus- synergist to the hamstrings in thigh extension
Adductor longus- flexes and medially rotates thigh
Adductor brevis- medially rotates thigh
Pectineus- adducts flexes and medially rotates thigh
Gracilis- adducts thigh, flexes, and medially rotates leg, especially during walking
Rectus femoris- extends knee and flexes hip
Vastus lateralis- extends and stabilize knee
Vastus medialis- extends knee
Vastus intermedius- extends knee
Tensor fasciae latae- steadies the knee and trunk on the thigh by making the iliotibial tract taut; flexes and abducts thigh; rotates thigh medially
Gluteus maximus- major exstensor of thigh
Gluteus medius- abducts and medially rotates thigh
Quadriceps femoris- rotates thigh laterally and stabilizes hip joint
Hamstrings- the prime movers of thigh extension and knee flexion
Biceps femoris- extends thigh and flexes knee; laterally rotates leg, especially when knee is flexed
Semitendinosus- extends thigh and flexes knee; w/ semimembranosus, medially rotates leg
Semimembranous- extends thigh and flexes knee; mediallyt rotates leg
Tibialis anterior- prime mover of dorsiflexion;inverts foot; assists in supporting medial longitudinal arch of foot
Extensor digitorium longus- prime mover of toe exstension; dorsiflexes the foot.
Fibularis- dorsiflexes and everts foot
Extensor hallucis longus- extends great toe; dorsi flexes foot
Peroneus longus- planter flexes and everts foot; may keep foot flat on ground
Peroneus brevis- plantar flexion and everts foot
Triceps surae- prime movers of ankle planter flexion
Gastrocnemius- planter flexes the foot
Soleus- planter flexes the foot
Popliteus- flexes and rotates leg medially to unlock extended knee when flexion begins
Flexor digitorum longus- plantar flexes and inverts foot; flexes toes; helps foot grip ground
Tibialis anterior- prime mover of foot inversion; plantar flexes foot; stabilizes medial longitundinal arch of foot.
Extensor digitorium brevis- helps extend joints @ metatarsophalegeal joints
Flexor digitorium brevis- helps to flex toe
Abductor hallucis- abducts great toe |
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