Term
| Bethanechol-Mechanism? Half-life? Clinical Use? Application? |
|
Definition
Preferential Muscarinic Agonist, Quaternary amine
1 HR
Treats Urinary retention & Xerostomia
Subcutaneous or Topical |
|
|
Term
| Carbachol-Mechanism? Half-life? Clinical Use? Application? |
|
Definition
gen ACh receptor agonist, Quaternary amine
1-2 HR
Treats Glaucoma, induces miosis for ocular surgery
Topical |
|
|
Term
| Pilocarpine-Mechanism? Half-life? Clinical Use? Application? |
|
Definition
Preferential Muscarinic Agonist, Tertiary amine
24 HR
Treats acute Glaucoma
Topical
Can enter CNS |
|
|
Term
| Cholinergic Adverse Effects: |
|
Definition
Diarrhea
Urination
Miosis
Brochoconstriction
Bradycardia
Excitation of muscles/CNS
Lacrimation
Salivation
Sweating |
|
|
Term
| Edrophonium-Mechanism? Half-life? Clinical Use? |
|
Definition
| reversible ACh esterase inhibitor at NMJ, 5-10 min, diagnosis only of myasthenia gravis |
|
|
Term
| Neostigmine, Pyridostigmine-Mechanism? Half-life? Clinical Use? |
|
Definition
| reversible ACh esterase inhibitor at NMJ, 2-4 HR/4-6HR, treatment of myasthenia gravis (but causes muscle weakness in normal people) open-angle glaucoma and reversal of nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockade following surgery |
|
|
Term
| Physostigmine-Mechanism? Half-life? Why special? |
|
Definition
| reversible ACh esterase inhibitor, 15-40 min, tertiary amine & enters CNS; not for peripheral use |
|
|
Term
| Isofluorophate, echothiophate-Mechanism? Clinical Use? Timeframe? Where else found? |
|
Definition
| irreversible ACh esterase inhibitor (phosphorylate it, antidote=PAM/atropine) Treat chronic glaucoma-one app lasts a week. Found in insecticides & nerve gas |
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