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Child Development
Chapter 4
24
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
02/17/2014

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Cards

Term
germinal period
Definition
the first 2 weeks of development after conception; rapid cell division
Term
embryonic period
Definition
3rd thru 8th week after conception; rudimentary forms of all anatomical structures develop
Term
fetal period
Definition
9th week after conception until birth; organs grow in size and complexity
Term
implantation
Definition
beginning about a wk after conception; the burrowing of the organism into the lining of the uterus
Term
implantation stats
Definition
at least 60% of natural conceptions and 70% of all in vitro conceptions fail to properly implant
Term
birth stats
Definition
about 31% of zygotes grow and survive to become living newborn babies
Term
neural tube
Definition
a fold of outer embryonic cells that appears about 3weeks after conception and later develops into the CNS
Term
age of viability
Definition
the age (about 22 wks) at which a fetus can survive outside the mother's uterus if specialized medical care is available
Term
placenta
Definition
the organ that encases the embryo and fetus
Term
teratogens
Definition
agents and conditions including viruses, drugs, chemicals, stressors, and malnutrition that can impair prenatal development and lead to birth defects or even death
Term
behavioral teratogens
Definition
teratogens that tend to harm the prenatal brain,affecting the future child's intellectual and emotional functioning
Term
risk analysis
Definition
the process of weighing the potential outcomes of a particular event, substance or experience to determine the likelihood of harm
Term
critical period
Definition
in prenatal development, the time when a particular organ or other body part is most susceptible to teratogenic damage (entire embryonic stage)first 2 months
Term
threshold effect
Definition
a particular teratogen is relatively harmless in small doses but becomes harmful once exposure eaches a certain level
Term
interaction effect
Definition
teratogens potential for causing harm increases when interacts with another teratogen or risk factor
Term
low birth weight
Definition
a birthweight less than 5 1/2 pounds
second most common cause of infant death in US
Term
pre term birth
Definition
birth occuring 3 weeks or more before the full term of pregnancy has elapsed
Term
SGA
Definition
small for gestational age
Term
leading cause of infant death in US
Definition
congenital abnormalities
Term
third cause of death in US
Definition
sudden infant death syndrome
Term
episitionomy
Definition
most common surgery for birth. incision made in opening of vagina
Term
what % of births take place at home
Definition
1
Term
sperm count
Definition
nearly 2 trillion in life time
Term
anoxia
Definition
lack of oxygen that when prolonged can cause brain damage or death
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