Term
What is the incidence of psychatric disorders in kids? |
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Definition
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Term
What is the typical etiology of child psychiatric disorders? |
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Definition
Familial Chronic
More morbidity |
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Term
What are the two approaches to child and adolescent assessment? |
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Definition
Developmental: how does this kid stack up against everyone else
Medical: specific signs and symptoms used to diagnose a kid with a certain problem; use the DSM |
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Term
If a kid has a psychiatric disorder, what should you do? |
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Definition
Give them medications: they increase a kid's ability to participate and benefit from other therapies |
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Term
Compared to adults, how do kids metabolize meds? What does this lead to? |
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Definition
They metabolize meds more effectively
They get higher peak and lower trough levels |
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Term
What are the different kinds of disruptive behavior disorders in kids? |
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Definition
ADHD Conduct disorder Oppositional defiant disorder |
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Term
Abnormalities in what three areas led to a diagnosis of ADHD? |
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Definition
Inattention Hyperactivity Impulsivity |
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Term
What's the incidence of ADHD? Does it persist? |
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Definition
3-5 of school age children
Yes,it does...70% go into adulthood with it. |
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Term
Are males or females more likely to get ADHD? |
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Definition
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Term
What areas of the brain are involved in ADHD? |
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Definition
Prefrontal cortex: smaller volumes
Leads to a lack of inhibition
Dorsal anterior cingulate cortex
Striatum |
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Term
What is the treatment for ADHD? |
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Definition
Medications: stimulants are the most effective |
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Term
What is the definition of oppositional defiant disorder? |
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Definition
Persistent pattern of tantrums, arguing, and angry or disruptive behaviors toward family and other authority figures |
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Term
What is the gestalt of oppositional defiant disorder? |
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Definition
Basically, a very naughty kid |
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Term
What is the definition of conduct disorder? |
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Definition
Kids aren't just naughty, they're committing crimes
-Aggression to people and animals -Destruction of property -Deceitfulness, lying, stealing -Lawbreaking |
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Term
What are the mood disorders that are found in kids? |
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Definition
Major depressive disorder Bipolar disorder |
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Term
What does depression present like in kids? |
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Definition
Irritable mood Loss of interest School decline |
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Term
What's the incidence of depression across childhood? |
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Definition
.3% preshool 1-2% school age 5% adolescent |
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Term
What is the treatment of major depressive disorder in kids? |
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Definition
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Term
What is the most common type of psychiatric disorder in kids? |
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Definition
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Term
What are the different kinds of anxiety disorders that kids can get? |
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Definition
Separation anxiety disorder Obsessive compulsive disorder Post-traumatic stress disorder Social phobia Generalized anxiety disorder |
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Term
What is the definition of separation anxiety disorder/ |
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Definition
Marked/excesive anxiety around separation from major attachment figures - worry about parent's health, safety, whereabouts |
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Term
What are the demographics of separation anxiety disorder? |
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Definition
4% school age/ 1% adolescents
Boys=girls |
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Term
What are some of the pervasive developmental disorders that kids present with? |
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Definition
Autistic disorder Asperger's disorder Rett's disorder Child disintegrative disorder Pervasive developmental disorder |
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Term
What impairments are present in autism? |
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Definition
Social interaction - poor eye contact
Communication - language delay
Restricted, stereotyped, and repetitive patterns of behavior |
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Term
What are the demographics of autism? |
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Definition
Happens before age 3
MOSTLY MALES - 4:1 |
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Term
What are some comorbidities of autism? |
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Definition
Mental retardation
Comorbid seizure disorder in 1/3 |
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Term
What are some risk factors for autism? |
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Definition
Advanced maternal age Fragile X syndrome Tuberous sclerosis |
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Term
If a mom has a kid with autism, what is the risk that the next has it, too? |
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Definition
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Term
In the brain, where are there defects that can lead to autism? |
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Definition
Fusiform face area
Right anterior area |
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Term
What is the definition of Asperger's disorder? |
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Definition
Impaired social reciprocity Retricted behavior/interests No language deay
They sound like a "little professor" |
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Term
What comorbidities are associated with autism but not asperger's? |
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Definition
Mental retardation Seizures |
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Term
What kinds of people can get Rett's disorder? |
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Definition
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Term
What is a typical case presentation of Rett's disorder? |
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Definition
Normal development through five months-->severe regression
Stereotyped hand movements: hand wringing |
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Term
What abnormalities are associated with Rett's disorder? |
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Definition
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Term
What mutation underlies Rett's syndrome? |
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Definition
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Term
What is the definition of childhood disintegrative diosrder? |
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Definition
Normal development for two years then severe regression across multiple domains
Rare. |
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Term
What is the definition of mental retardation? |
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Definition
Subaverage IQ (<70) with impairments in:
-Communication -Self-care -Home living -Social/interpersonal skills |
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Term
Are males or females more likely to get reading disorder? Mathematics disorder? |
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Definition
Reading: males Mathematics: equally likely |
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Term
What is the definition of a learning disorder/ |
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Definition
Academic performance significantly less than predicted by IQ |
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Term
What are the elimination disorders? |
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Definition
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Term
What is the definition of enuresis? |
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Definition
Five years old Peeing when they shouldn't |
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Term
What is the definition of encopresis? |
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Definition
At least 4 Can't poop
Sometimes, You can have the case where the rectum is enlarged with stool that can't pass. You then get diarrhea overflowing out the body. |
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Term
What are some of the other disorders of childhood? |
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Definition
Selective mutism Reactive attachment disorder Eating disorders Feeding and eating disorders of infancy |
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