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Child and Adolescent Development
Final-- Chapters 8 --> 16
112
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
04/24/2013

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Cards

Term
growth hormone deficency
Definition
stature below 5 feet
Term
eating patterns of young children
Definition
eat less than proportioned size
Term
when do permanent teeth start arriving
Definition
age 6
Term
what is a transitional object
Definition
an object a child sleeps with when transitioning from a crib to a toddler bed (teddy bear)
Term
what are nightmares
Definition
dreams you have in the morning (during REM) Girls have them more than boys
Term
what are night terrors
Definition
terrors you have during the night during stage 4 sleep. Boys have them more than girls
Term
who is more likely to suffer from enuresis (bed wetting)?
Definition
boys
Term
% of sinister people (southpaws, lefties)
Definition
10%
Term
somnambulism
Definition
sleep walking (boys > girls)
Term
most prevalent childhood cause of death
Definition
diarrhea (dehydrate themselves)
Term
% of children growing up in poverty
Definition
24%
Term
effects of maltreatment
Definition
tend to have behavioral problems in school
Term
define animism
Definition
attributing life to inanimate objects (calvin and hobbs)
Term
what was Piaget's purpose in the 3 mountain task
Definition
trying to prove ecocentrism (cant see things from other peoples point of view)
Term
ZPD
Definition
zone of proximal development [[difference between what they know and what they can learn without help]]
Term
private speech
Definition
individual talks a loud to themselves
Term
executive attention
Definition
planning, allocating, attention, detecting errors, and correcting
Term
Montessori approach
Definition
children are given freedom and spontaneity to discover things on their own.
Term
Project head start
Definition
preschool program for low income families
Term
what is Erikson's initiative v guilt all about
Definition
ages 3-6 seeking purpose in life
Term
who seems to have the gender advantage
Definition
female (live longest, born more]
Term
what are the male and female hormones
Definition
androgen (male) estrogen (female)
Term
gender differentiation during play
Definition
aggression (males)
cooperation (females)
Term
authoritative parenting
Definition
parenting style using strict discipline
Term
neglectful parenting
Definition
parenting style where the parent isn't involved which causes the children to be socially incompetent
Term
indulgent parenting
Definition
parenting style where the parents are over involved which causes the children to not learn on their own
Term
corporal punishment
Definition
physical force that causes pain (spanking)
Term
physical abuse
Definition
physical injury to the child
Term
neglect
Definition
failure to provide something (form of abuse)
Term
define pretend play
Definition
play where imagination has to be used (video games)
Term
define functional play
Definition
repetitive muscle movement (wii bowling)
Term
define instrumental aggression
Definition
aggression to achieve a goal
Term
define hostile aggression
Definition
aggression to cause pain
Term
who is fatter, boys or girls
Definition
girls
Term
how many calories should a child be getting
Definition
2400 a day
Term
malnutrition in the western hemisphere
Definition
30%
Term
U.S children who go hungry
Definition
4 million
Term
% of obese children in the U.S
Definition
30%
Term
cause of obesity
Definition
inactivity
Term
define rough-and-tumble play
Definition
wrestling, hitting, chasing, laughing
Term
difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes
Definition
Type 1- childhood (no insulin)
Type 2- obese (insensitive to insulin)
Term
leading cause of death for school aged children
Definition
motor vehicle accidents
Term
learning disabilities
Definition
dyslexia (bad words/reading)
Term
ADHD
Definition
attention deficit hyperactive disorder
Term
speech disorders
Definition
stuttering
Term
what is cerebral palsy
Definition
neurological problem causing poor muscle coordination
Term
public law 94-142
Definition
whenever possible, children must be taught in the most normal environment
Term
autistic spectrum disorder
Definition
attention problem, poor socialization, and repetitive behavior
Term
the three steps of memory
Definition
encoding-storage-retrieval
Term
define divergent thinking
Definition
a wide array to questions [[lots of answers]]
Term
critical thinking
Definition
evaluating evidence reflectively and productively
Term
metacognition
Definition
thinking about thinking
Term
heritability of intelligence
Definition
60%
other 40% is environmental
Term
how do you define mental retardation (intellectual disability)
Definition
IQ below 70
Term
organic retardation
Definition
mental deficit created by biological reasons (fragile x)
Term
cultural-familial retardation
Definition
poor environment that causes intellectual deficits (lack of stimulation)
Term
what is Gardner's idea of intelligence
Definition
10 different ones
Term
what is Sternberg's idea of intelligence
Definition
3 types
Term
cut-off for gifted students
Definition
130
Term
what are the 2 major methods of teaching reading
Definition
whole word-phonics
Term
what is social promotion
Definition
didnt pass by good grades--teacher passed the student just to get rid of them
Term
self-efficacy
Definition
belief that one will be successful (confidence)
Term
define Erikson's industry v inferiority
Definition
seeking competence (competitive)
Term
Buddhist monks versus Kohlbergs's morality
Definition
morality has other dimensions other than compassion and no suffering
Term
Gilligan versus Kohlberg
Definition
females view morality through relationships. Males don't
Term
gender stereotyp
Definition
broad notions of being female and male
Term
rapport talk
Definition
conversations that start relationships (female > male)
Term
report talk
Definition
conversations that give information
(male >female)
Term
androgyny
Definition
a person who is both male and female
Term
% of children who will spend lives in poverty
Definition
33%
Term
who usually adopts children
Definition
relatives
Term
ratio of men who have custody of their children after a divorce
Definition
20%
Term
how fathers treat their first children when they remarry and have a famliy
Definition
they ignore them
Term
why single mother parents are single
Definition
divorce
Term
attributes of popular students
Definition
better social skills
Term
neglected children
Definition
ignored (invisible)
Term
rejected children
Definition
aren't liked
Term
define ODD
Definition
oppositional defiant disorder (1st stage of antisocial disorder)
Term
% of childhood depression
Definition
14%
Term
define family therapy
Definition
therapy that involves family dynamic
Term
what are the male secondary characteristics
Definition
muscualr development to attract a mate
Term
what are the female secondary characteristics
Definition
growth of body parts to ease reproduction
Term
define nocturnal emissions
Definition
ejaculation during sleep
Term
precocious puberty
Definition
maturation before age 8 (early)
Term
amygdala
Definition
where extreme emotions derive (anger)
Term
which industrialized country has the most teen pregnancies
Definition
the U.S
Term
stability of sexual orientation
Definition
if you are gay, you are gay (very stable)
Term
% of teen girls getting pregnant
Definition
10%
Term
how can post pubertal girls combat osteoporosis
Definition
exersice
Term
define anorexia nervosa
Definition
self starvation
Term
define bulimia nervosa
Definition
binging and puking (purging)
Term
what are gateway drugs
Definition
alcohol, tobacco, marijuana
Term
ratio of boys and girls who complete suicide
Definition
4x more girls attempt suicide
3x more boys complete suicide
Term
define formal operations
Definition
characterized by ability to think abstractly
Term
imaginary audience
Definition
belief that others are interested in you (being watched)
Term
personal fable
Definition
sense of uniqueness and sensibility (unique and invisible)
Term
how do permissive parents view education
Definition
they don't care
Term
national dropout rate
Definition
Latino
Term
drop-outs and low-income
Definition
low income students dropout more than anyone
Term
singe parents and drop-outs
Definition
single parent children dropout 2x more than anyone
Term
define identity v role confusion
Definition
seeking a coherent sense of self
Term
define psychosocial moratorium
Definition
timeout many students will take to find themselves (dropout)
Term
crowds
Definition
large group that spend time together based on an activity (not very close)
Term
cliques
Definition
small group of people that spend time together and engage in similar activities (very close)
Term
rites of passage
Definition
Na'ii'ess (apachy (enemy) changing women's ceremony ((girls run for 24 hours))
Term
assimilation
Definition
minority individual adjusts to majority culture
Term
pluralism
Definition
co existence of minority and majority cultures
Term
juvenile delinquency
Definition
illegal activity by pre-adults
Term
the usual cause of adolescent family conflict
Definition
adolescent seeking independence
Term
define controversial students
Definition
students are acceptable to teachers but mean/snood towards peers
Term
importance of friendships
Definition
adolescent friendships are intense (very important)
Term
antisocial adolescents' friends
Definition
tend to be antisocial as well
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