Term
| approaches utilized in the assessment of childhood psychiatric disorders |
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Definition
DEVELOPMENTAL
MEDICAL
complementary |
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Term
| *developmental view of child psychiatry* |
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Definition
*gauges skills/behaviors against statistically established norms*
e.g. checking for pointing in a 12 month old |
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Term
| *medical view of child psychiatry* |
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Definition
*uses specific sign and symptoms as indicators of a disorder*
meeting specific diagnostic criteria |
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Term
| common myths and misconceptions regarding childhood psychopathology |
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Definition
just "problems", not disorders
"too young" for a psychiatric disorder
just a "normal reaction" to a life event
child will "outgrow" the problem
best not to tag child with a "label" by formally identifying the problem |
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Term
| *child specific medication issues* |
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Definition
**children metabolize medications more efficiently than adults leading to HIGHER PEAK and LOWER TROUGH levels**
many children receive significant benefit from medication
medication often increases the child's capacity to effectively participate and benefit from other therapies |
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Term
| diagnostic categories relevant to childhood psychopathology |
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Definition
disruptive behavior disorders
mood disorders
anxiety disorders
pervasive developmental disorders
learning disorders
elimination disorders |
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Term
| disruptive behavior disorders |
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Definition
ADHD
conduct disorder
oppositional defiant disorder |
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Term
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
ADHD |
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Definition
developmentally inappropriate levels of inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity (a 3-part disorder)
hyperactive and inattentive types
disorder of INHIBITION
*functional impairments are often mediated by IQ (high IQ allows them to do well)
can perforn nromal of salient/interesting tasks |
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Term
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Definition
**STIMULANTS**
most effective tx
~80% response
(Parent behavior management) |
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Term
| oppositional defiant disorder |
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Definition
*argumentative behavior in *multiple different settings
pervasively argumentative
persistent pattern of tantrums, arguing, and angry or disruptive behaviors toward family and other authority figures
commonly comorbid with ADHD |
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Term
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Definition
**illegal, unlawful behavior**
aggression to people and animals
destruction of property
deceitfulness, lying, or stealing
serious violations of rules
**need to have a childhood history or conduct disorder to make a diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder in adulthood** |
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Term
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Definition
MDD, dysthymia
bipoalr disorder, cyclothymia |
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Term
major depressive disorder
MDD |
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Definition
*most patients present with irritability*
presents with sad or irritable mood and/or loss of interest/pleasure in usual activities
child-specific symptoms:
-school decline/refusal
-somatic complaints
-aggressive/acting out behavior
tx: psychotheraoy and meds |
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Term
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Definition
presents with extremely irritability/explosive mood or uncharacteristic silliness and inappropriate laughter
may have impaired reality testing
psychosocial impairment
may have: unrestrained excess energy, overtalkativeness/racing thoughts, markedly disrupted sloop, poor judgment/thrill seeking
tx: multimodal/meds necessary |
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Term
| childhood anxiety disorders |
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Definition
separation anxiety disorder
OCD
PTSD
social phobia
GAD
(specific phobias are the most common psychiatric disorder in children)
-fears and worries are common in kids, DEVELOPMENTAL considerations are CRITICAL |
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Term
| *separation anxiety disorder* |
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Definition
marked/excessive anxiety around separation from major attachment figures
worry about parents health, safety, and whereabouts
history of not going to school (big problems Sunday PM/Monday AM)
fear of harm to others
tx: behavioral + medication |
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Term
pervasive developmental disorders
PDD |
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Definition
autistic disorder
Aperger
Rett
child disintegrative disorder
PDD-NOS |
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Term
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Definition
triad of qualitative impaiment
1. social interaction
2. communication
3. restricted, stereotypes, and repetitive behavior |
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Term
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Definition
known genetic causes in 30% of cases
family members often have sub-syndromal manifestations of autism |
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Term
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Definition
hypoactivation of the fusiform face area
deficits in perception of people/faces compared with objects |
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Term
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Definition
"little professors"
social and behavior aspects of ASD
**NO language delay**
no association with MR or seizure disorder |
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Term
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Definition
normal development to 5 months --> regression
girls only; clear gene associations
hand wringing stereotyped behavior |
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Term
childhood disintegrative disorder
CDD |
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Definition
normal development to age 2 years --> regression across multiple domains
rare and poor prognosis
most develop severe MR |
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Term
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Definition
IQ < 70
impairment in adaptive functioning: communication, self-care, home living, social/interpersonal skills
**adaptive functioning impairment + IQ<70** |
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Term
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Definition
(used to be called learning disabilities)
IQ and school performance don't match up |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
inability to maintain urinary continence
age 5, prevalence decreases with age |
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Term
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Definition
inability to maintain bowel continence
age 4 |
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Term
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Definition
severe anxiety disorder
child doesn't speak in certain context |
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Term
| reactive attachment disorder |
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Definition
inability to form emotional attachments with others
often in child with a history of abuse |
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