147) 阝

fu

hill

the slope of a hill

When used on the left of a character it means ‘hill,’ but when used on the right it means “town 邑 [yì].”

147ax) 余

yu

remainder

digging tool

147a) 除

chu

remove; eliminate

hill 阝[fù] + digging tool/remain 余 [yú]

To use tools (余) to carve stairs in a hill (阝) by removing the parts of the stones, thus eliminating much of the hard work of climbing up.

147yx) 付

fu

147y-41c) 附

fu

attach

hill 阝¹⁴⁷[fù] + hand over/pay 付 [fù]

To build a hill (阝) for protection, the less powerful needed to offer a pay or a fee (付)

147zx) 佥

qian

147b) 阳

yang

sun; male genitals

hill 阝[fù] + sun 日²¹⁸[rì]

This describes the sun (日) rising above a hill (阝). This character, in particular, depicts the sun to symbolize “Yang,” an opposing force of “Yin,” but also the man genitals

147cx) 月

yue

147c) 阴

yin

the moon; shade

hill 阝[fù] + moon 月²²¹[yuè]

This describes the moon (月) rising above a hill (阝), and symbolizes “Yin” as explained in the above character “阳.”

147*) 邑

yi

147zx) 者

zhe

147zx-101a*) 都

du

capital

person 者 [zhě] + town 阝 ¹⁴⁷→邑^92d[yì]

A large city (邑) with many people who cook (者). To distinguish this word from a mere village (邑), the Chinese added “者” to say ‘capital.’

147dx) 由

you

147d) 邮

you

mail

well/cause 由¹⁵⁶[yóu] + town 阝→邑^92d[yì]

The city (邑) well (由) was the best place for the women to exchange information and gossip. That’s how this character came to mean ‘mail.’

147ex) 冄

ran

147e) 那

na

that

package [image] [symbol] + town 阝→邑^92d[yì]

that package (symbol) of goods tied up for easy transport goes to that city (邑) far away

147f) 哪

na

which; what

mouth 口¹⁶[kǒu] + that 那 [nà]

‘Which, what’ is how you start a question (口) when you don’t know what that (那) thing is

147gx) 令

ling

order, command

147x) 邻

lin

neighbor

command 令 ⁸⁶[lìng] + town 阝→邑^92d[yì]

The neighbors living in the same city (邑) receive the same command (令) from one single leader.