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| is anything that has mass and occupies space. Matter can exist as a solid, liquid, gas or plasma. |
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| is the amount of matter in an object. |
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| is the amount space a substance occupies. |
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| are substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances. Two or more elements can combine to form a compound. |
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| are composed of protons (+), neutrons (O), and electrons (-). |
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| make up the nucleus of an atom. They are both 1 Angstrom each in size. Protons are positively charged. |
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| make up the nucleus of an atom. They are both 1 Angstrom each in size. Neutrons are neutral. |
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| orbit the nucleus of an atom. They are 0 Angstrom in size and are negatively charged |
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| is a shorthand way of describing a chemical compound. Ex. (hydrogen peroxide) H202 |
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| is the large number 3 in front of H. Ex. 3H2 |
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| new substances are formed. |
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| are always on the left side of the equation |
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| are on the right side of the equation. |
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| There are four types of reactions. Synthesis, Decomposition reactions and Single and Double Replacements |
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| occur when elements combine with other elements or compounds to form one substance. Ex. H2 + O2 à H2O2 |
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| occur when a compound breaks down into two or more substances. |
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| (displacement) reactions occur when a compound loses an element to another element which forms a compound. Ex. Zn + HCl à ZnCl2 + H2 |
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(displacement) reactions occur when two compounds exchange “partners”.
Ex. 2Zn + 2HCl à 2(ZnCl2 + H2) |
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| release energy in the form of heat. |
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| absorb energy and feel cold as a result. |
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| do not form new substances. |
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| are mixtures that consist of a solute (is being dissolved) and solvent (causes a substance to dissolve). |
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| =Mass/volume. Floating and sinking depend on differences in density. |
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| Law of Conversation of Matter |
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| Matter can neither be created nor destroyed. |
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| can either be absorbed or released during a chemical change. |
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| are mostly proteins that speed up the rate of a chemical reaction without adding to the chemical reaction. |
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| slow down the rate of a chemical reaction. |
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| refers to the extent a solute will dissolve in a solvent. |
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| organizes all the known elements by their properties |
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Each vertical column is a....
They have similar characteristics. |
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| are highly reactive nonmetals found in family 17. |
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| are stable nonmetals found in family 18. |
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| is the number of protons. |
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| is the combined mass of the protons and neutrons & protons. |
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| are atoms with different numbers of neutrons. They’re “bigger” forms of an atom (sometimes radioactive). |
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| are located on the outer most energy level or shell. They form the chemical bonds between atoms. |
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| forms when an atom shares electrons. Diatomic molecules contain only two atoms; they’re found this way in nature—O2, H2, N2, all halogens. |
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| increases the concentration of H3O+ ions in water |
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| increases the concentration of OH-ions in water. |
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| change in the presence of acids or bases |
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Acids and bases are rated on a...
This scale ranges from 0-14, acidicàbasic |
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