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Chemistry
n/a
151
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
12/19/2010

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Term

INTRACELLULAR

FLUID

Definition
Fluid within the cell
Term

EXTRACELLUAR

FLUID

Definition

-Interstitial fluid

 

:fluid between the cells

Term

INTRAVASCULAR

FLUID

Definition

Blood & lymph

 

-transcellular fluid

Term
SUSPENSION
Definition
solution settles to the bottom
Term
AQUEOUS SOLUTION
Definition
Water is the solvent
Term
TINCTURE
Definition
Alcohol is the solvent
Term
Solute
Definition
substance that needs to dissolve
Term
SOLVENT
Definition
liquid that dissolves the substance
Term

MIXTURES

(solution)

Definition
2 or more substances that can be seperated  by ordinary physical means
Term
Neutralization
Definition

occurs when you add an acid and a base

(you get water and salt)

Term
blood has a ph of
Definition
7.35-7.45
Term
LESS THAN 7.35
Definition
ACIDOSIS
Term
MORE THAN 7.45
Definition
ALKALOSIS
Term
BLOOD PH IS REGULATED BY:
Definition
BUFFER SYSTEM, LUNGS, & KIDNEY
Term
5 TYPES OF ENERGY:
Definition
CHEMICAL, NUCLEAR, RADIANT, THERMAL, MECHANICAL
Term
ATP IS A:
Definition
ENERGY TRANSFER MOLECULE
Term
WHEN ENERGY IS NEEDED:
Definition
ATP IS SPLIT AND ENERGY IS GIVEN OFF
Term
ALL ENZYMES ARE:
Definition
PROTEINS
Term
MANY (NOT ALL) ENZYMES ACT AS:
Definition
CATALYSTS
Term
THE AMOUNT OF HYDROGEN IN A SOLUTION DETERMINES:
Definition
THE ACIDITY OF THE SUBSTANCE
Term
AN ACID IS AN:
Definition
ELECTROLYTE THAT DISSOCIATES INTO HYDROGEN IONS & AN ANION
Term
WHEN AN ACID DISSOCIATES COMPLETELY, THEREFORE HAVING NO MORE HYDROGEN IONS IT MEANS IT IS:
Definition
STRONG
Term
A BASE USUALLY CONTAINS A:
Definition
HYDROXYL ION
Term
CHARACTERISTICS OF A BASE:
Definition
SLIPPERY, & BITTER TASTING
Term
WHEN 2 OR MORE ATOMS BOND TOGETHER THEY FORM A:
Definition
MOLECULE
Term
SUBSTANCE THAT IS FORMED BY 2 OR MORE DIFFERENT ATOMS:
Definition
COMPOUND
Term
ELECTROLYTES DISSOCIATE IN:
Definition
WATER
Term
ONLY THING THAT CAN IONIZE:
Definition
ELECTROLYTE
Term
IONIZATION
Definition
IONIC BONDS BECOME WEAKER AND BREAK APART
Term
IONS FORM WHEN:
Definition
ELECTRONS ARE EITHER LOST OR GAINED
Term
COVALENT BONDING
Definition
SHARE ELECTRONS
Term
HYDROGEN BONDS
Definition
OCCURS BETWEEN 2 WATER MOLECULES
Term
HYDROGEN BONDS ARE VERY:
Definition
WEAK
Term
THE STUDY OF CARBON CONTAINING SUBSTANCES IS CALLED:
Definition
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Term
THE STUDY OF NON CARBON CONTAINING SUBSTANCES IS CALLED:
Definition
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Term
IONS IS AN:
Definition
ELEMENT THAT CARRIES AN ELECTRICAL CHARGE
Term
POSITIVE ION:
Definition
CATION
Term
NEGATIVE ION:
Definition
ANION
Term
SUBSTANCE THAT FORMS IONS WHEN DISSOLVES IN WATER:
Definition
ELECTROLYTE
Term
THE 25 MAJOR MINERALS IN THE BODY ARE:
Definition
ELECTROLYTES
Term
IONIC BONDS:
Definition
DONATE OR TRANSFER ELECTRONS
Term
3 TYPES OF BONDS:
Definition
IONIC, COVALENT, & HYDROGEN
Term
WHEN BOND FORMS IN ATTEMPT TO STABALIZE THE OUTTER SHELL ITS A:
Definition
CHEMICAL BOND
Term
A CHEMICAL BOND IS:
Definition
AN ELECTRICAL ATTRACTION BETWEEN ATOMS
Term
HOW BLOOD IS FILTERED THROUGH THE KIDNEY:
Definition

BLOOD IS BROUGHT TO THE NEPHRON BY THE RENAL ARTERY THEN GOES->:

-GLAMERULUS

-BOWMAN'S CAPSULE

-PROXIMAL CONVOLUTED TUBLE

-DESCENDING LIMB

-LOOP OF HENLE

-ASCENDING LIMB

-DISTAL CONVOLUTED TUBLE

-COLLECTING DUCT

NOW ITS URINE

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Term
INTAKE SHOULD EQUAL:
Definition
OUTPUT
Term
HOW MUCH WATER SHOULD THE AVERAGE ADULT INTAKE A DAY?
Definition
1500-3000ML/DAY
Term
INJESTIVE LIQUIDS IS:
Definition
60% OF INTAKE
Term
WATER IN FOOD IS:
Definition
30% OF INTAKE
Term
METABOLIC OXIDATION IS:
Definition
10% OF INTAKE
Term
THIRST MECHANISM IS LOCATED IN THE:
Definition

HYPOTHALMUS

(LOCATED IN BRAIN)

Term
ELDERLY ARE PRONE TO DEHYDRATION BECAUSE:
Definition
THEY HAVE A DECREASED THIRST MECHANISM
Term
SENSIBLE LOSSES
Definition
URINE, INTESTINES (STOOL), PERSPIRATION
Term
INSESNIBLE LOSSES
Definition
SKIN EVAPORATION, & LUNGS
Term
URINE MAKES UP:
Definition
60% OF OUTPUT
Term
INTESTINES(STOOL) MAKE UP:
Definition
6% OF OUTPUT
Term
PERSPIRATION MAKES UP:
Definition
6% OF OUTPUT
Term
SKIN EVAPORATION & LUNGS MAKE UP:
Definition

28% OF OUTPUT

(COMBINED)

Term
11 DIAGNOSTIC TESTS:
Definition

-URINE PH

-SPECIFIC GRAVITY

-URINE OSMOALITY

-URINE CREATNINE CLEARANCE

-URINE SODIUM

-URINE POTASSIUM

-BLOOD STUDIES

-SERUM CREATNINE

-BUN (BLOOD NITROGEN UREA)

-SERUM OSMOALITY

-SERUM ALBUMIN

Term

SPECIFIC GRAVITY

(sp.gr.)

Definition
1.010-1.25
Term
SPECIFIC GRAVITY IS COMPARED TO:
Definition

PURE WATER

(1.000)

Term
WHEN sp.gr. GOES DOWN:
Definition

WATER GOES UP

(& VICE VERSA)

Term
NORMAL PH OF URINE:
Definition
4.5-8.0
Term
AVERAGE PH OF URINE:
Definition

6.0

(FRESHLY VOIDED)

Term
URINE IS NORMALLY MORE _______ IN THE MORNING & MORE ________ IN THE AFTERNOON:
Definition

ACIDIC (MORNING)

ALKALINE (AFTERNOON)

Term
URINE OSMOALITY MEASURES:
Definition
# OF PARTICLES IN THE URINE
Term
INCREASED URINE OSMOALITY MEANS:
Definition
MORE WATER
Term
DECREASED URINE OSMOALITY MEANS:
Definition
MORE CONCENTRATED URINE
Term
24 HR URINE SPECIMEN IS NEEDED FOR:
Definition

URINE CREATNINE CLEARANCE

&

URINE POTASSIUM

Term
POTASSIUM LEVELS IN THE URINE ARE HIGHEST AT _____ & LOWEST ___________
Definition

(HIGHEST) AT NIGHT

(LOWEST) DURING THE DAY

Term
BLOOD STUDIES MEASURES:
Definition
% OF RBCS TO THE FLUID
Term
DECREAD FLUID VOLUME MEANS:
Definition

INCREASED HEMADOCRIT

(VICE VERSA)

Term
CREATNINE:
Definition
WASTE PRODUCT
Term
 INCREASED SERUM CREATNINE =
Definition
RENAL FAILURE
Term
NORMAL BUN:
Definition
10-20MG/DL
Term
SERUM OSMOALITY:
Definition
INCREASED W/ FLUID V. DEFICIT & DECREASES W/ FLUID V. EXCESS
Term
SERUM ALBUMIN
Definition
MAINTAINS ONCOTIC PRESSURE
Term
DECREASED SERUM ALBUMIN
Definition
ALLOWS WATER TO SHIFT TO THE INTERSTITAL SPACES CAUSING DECREASED BLOOD V.
Term
GREAT SODIUM CONSERVER:
Definition
ALDOSTERONE
Term
ALDOSTERONE ABSORPS:
Definition
SODIUM
Term
KIDNEYS ARE PRIMARY REGULATOR OF:
Definition
WATER OUTPUT
Term
ADH IS PRODUCED BY THE _______ & STORED BY THE ________ GLAND.
Definition

(HYPOTHALMUS)

&

(PITUATARY)

Term

DECREASED AMOUNTS OF WATER ARE IN THE ______.

 

(WHEN ADH IS CONCERNED)

Definition
URINE
Term
ADH CAUSES BODY WATER CONTENT TO:
Definition
INCREASE
Term

INCREASED AMOUNTS OF WATER ARE IN THE ________.

 

 

(WHEN ADH IS CONCERNED)

Definition
BLOOD
Term
EXTRACELLULAR FLUID COMPARTMENTS:
Definition

-INTRAVASCULAR

-INTERSTITIAL

-TRANSCELLULAR

Term
EXTRACELLULAR FLUID IS CONCENTRATED WHEN THE:
Definition
ADH IS INCREASED
Term
ECF IS LESS CONCENTRATED WHEN:
Definition
ADH IS DECREASED
Term
WHEN WATER OUTPUT IS GREATER THAN INPUT IT CAUSES:
Definition
DEHYDRATION
Term
VOMITING, DIAPHERASIS, & DIAHREA CAUSES:
Definition
DEHYDRATION
Term
TINY BLOOD VESSELS THAT ARE 1 CELL THICK:
Definition
CAPALLARIES
Term
MOST RELIABLE ESTIMATE OF FLUID BALANCE:
Definition
BODY WEIGHT
Term
1 LITER =
Definition
2.2 POUNDS
Term
A LOSS OR GAIN OR 2% BODY WEIGHT IS CONSIDERED:
Definition
MILD
Term
A LOSS OR GAIN OF 5% BODY WEIGHT IS CONSIDERED:
Definition
MODERATE
Term
A LOSS OR GAIN OF 8% BODY WEIGHT IS CONSIDERED:
Definition
SEVERE
Term

ELECTROLYTES
________ SHOULD = ELECTROLYTES

_______.

Definition
GAINED = LOST
Term
SODIUM IS THE CHIEF:
Definition
EXTRACELLULAR CATION
Term
FUNCTIONS OF SODIUM:
Definition

-NERVE IMPULSE REGULATOR

-MAINTAIN BODY FLUID BALANCE

Term
SODIUM REGULATES:
Definition
ALDOSTERONE
Term
HYPERNATREMIA
Definition
EXCESS SODIUM
Term
HYPERNATREMIA IS CAUSED BY:
Definition

EXCESS WATER LOSS, OR EXCESS SODIUM INTAKE

& PROLONGED DIURETICS

Term
ELDERLY ARE PRONE TO HYPERNATREMIA AND DEHYDRATION AFTER SUGERY BECAUSE OF:
Definition
DECREASED BLOOD V. AND DECREASED THIRST MECHANISM
Term
HYPERGYLCEMIA IS USUALLY ACCOMPANIED BY:
Definition
GLYCOSURIA
Term
HYPERGYLCEMIA
Definition
INCREASED AMOUNT OF GLUCOSE IN THE BLOOD
Term
NORMAL Na LEVELS:
Definition
135-145 meqS
Term
POTASSIUM IS THE CHIEF:
Definition
INTRACELLULAR CATION
Term
HYPERKALEMIA IS GREATER THAN ___meqs
Definition
5.5
Term
HYPOKALEMIA IS LESS THAN ____ meqs
Definition
3.5
Term
NORMAL Ca RANGE
Definition
8.2-10.5 meqs
Term
Ca is the regulator of the ______ hormone.
Definition
parathyroid
Term
NORMAL Mg range:
Definition
1.-2.2meqs
Term
CHLORIDE IS THE CHIEF:
Definition
EXTRACELLULAR ANION
Term
SYMBOL FOR BICARBONIT:
Definition
HCO-3
Term
NORMAL RANGE OF BICARBONIT
Definition
22-26
Term
NORMAL RANGE OF CO2:
Definition
35-45
Term
BODY REGULATES PH WITH THE HELP OF:
Definition
BUFFERS, KINDEY, & LUNGS
Term
A BUFFER IS A:
Definition
CHEMICAL SUBSTANCE THAT PREVENTS A LARGE CHANGE IN PH
Term
EXAMPLES OF BUFFERS:
Definition
BICARBONIT BUFFERS, HEMOGLOBIN, PLASMA PROTEINS
Term
FASTER BREATHING _____ HYDROGEN IONS
Definition
INCREASES
Term
SLOWER BREATHING _______ HYDROGEN IONS
Definition
DECREASES
Term
MUDULLAOBLONGATA IS:
Definition
RESPRITORY CENTER OF THE BRAIN
Term
THE MUDULLAOBLONGATA SENSES THE CHANGES IN:
Definition
HYDROGEN ION CONCETRATION
Term
THE MUDULLAOBLONGATA ADJUSTS THE:
Definition
RESPIRATORY RATE ACCORDINGLY
Term
KIDNEYS CAN REABSORP OR ELIMINATE _____ OR _______ AS NEEDED
Definition

HYDROGEN IONS

BICARBONIT

Term
ANYTHING THAT CAUSES A DECREASE IN IN RESPIRATION CAN CAUSE:
Definition
RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS
Term
KIDNEY DISEASE, UNCONTROLLED DIABETES, PROLONGED VOMITING AND DIAHRREA CAN CAUSE:
Definition
METABOLIC ACIDOSIS
Term
HYPERVENTILATION AND AN INCREASED BLOOD PH HIGHER THAN 7.45 CAN CAUSE:
Definition
RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS
Term
OVERUSE OF ANTACIDS, & BICARBONIT CONTAINING DRUGS. NG SUCTIONING, & VOMITING CAN CAUSE:
Definition
METABOLIC ALKALOSIS
Term

ATRIALNATRIURETIC FACTOR

(ANF)

IS RELASED BY:

Definition
THE ATRIA OF THE HEART
Term
ANF IS RELEASED IN RESPONSE TO:
Definition
INCREASED BLOOD VOLUME
(STRETCHING OF THE ATRIA)
Term
ANF STIMULATES THE EXCRETION OF _____ & ______ BY THE KIDNEYS
Definition

SODIUM

WATER

Term

ANF DECREASES THE PRODUCTION OF:

 

Definition
RENIN
Term
ANF DECREASES THE RELEASE OF:
Definition
ALDOSTERONE
Term
ANF CAUSES THE DILATION OF:
Definition
BLOOD VESSELS
Term
ANF INCREASES ________ & DECREASES ________.
Definition

BLOOD FLOW

BLOOD V.

Term
RENIN IS SECRETED BY THE:
Definition
KIDNEY
Term
RENIN OCCURS WHEN _____ & ________ GO DOWN.
Definition

BLOOD V.

BLOOD PRESSURE

Term
RENIN ACTIVATES:
Definition
ANGIOTENSINOGEN
Term
ANGIOTENSIOGEN IS SECRETED BY THE:
Definition
LIVER
Term
ANGIOTENSIONGEN2 RELEASES AND STIMULATES:
Definition
ALDOSTERONE
Term
ACE INHIBITORS PREVENTS:
Definition
ANGIOTENSINOGEN1 TO CONVERT TO ANGIOTENSIOGEN2
Term
HEALTH ASSESMENTS:
Definition

-HEALTH HISTORY

-VITAL SIGNS

-SKIN

-VEINS

Term
TO CHECK EDEMA YOU USE A:
Definition

POINT SCALE

(1-4+)

Term
PITTING EDEMA IS:
Definition
BRAWNY TISSUE
Term
DECREASED FLUID V. TONGUE APPEARS:
Definition
DRY & SMALLER
Term
INCREASED SODIUM TONGUE APPEARS:
Definition
SWOLLEN
Term
SKIN TURGOR IS THE _______ OF THE SKIN:
Definition
ELASTICITY
Term
NECK VEINS DETERMINE FLUID V. ________:
Definition
EXCESS
Term
IF A PATIENT IS LYING DOWN AND YOU DONT SEE ANY NECK VEINS THIS SUGGESTS:
Definition
FLUID V. DEFICIT
Term
NOTICABLE DISTENDED NECK VEINS SUGGESTS:
Definition
FLUID V. EXCESS
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