Term
| Properties of the Alkali Metals |
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Definition
o Very reactive due to single valence electron
o All metals
o Typically form salts |
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Term
| Properties of Alkali Earth Metals |
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Definition
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Term
Properties of transition metals (Groups 3 - 12) |
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Definition
o Can have varying oxidation number/Ionic Charge |
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Term
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Definition
o Very reactive because almost a full shell
o Gas at standard condition
o Form salts with alkali metals |
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Term
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Definition
o Not reactive due to full valance shells – Stable |
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Term
| Rules of the Stock Method |
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Definition
- If transition metal, state element, then roman numeral in brackets relative to the number of borrowed electrons
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Term
| How to name Covalent bonded molecules? |
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Definition
Use a prefix based on # of given elements in the molecule:
o Prefixes:
§ 1 = mono
§ 2 = di
§ 3 = tri
§ 4 = tetra
§ 5 = Penta
§ 6 = Hexa…. |
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Term
| How to name Ionic bonded molecules? |
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Definition
No need to add prefix.
Metal first, gas second; suffix of "ide" |
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Term
What occurs during a Single Displacement reaction? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Combustible + O2 ---> H2O + CO2 |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is the law of conservation of mass? |
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Definition
Matter is neither created nor destroyed |
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Term
| What information do the rows of the periodic table give you? |
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Definition
Rows 1,2,4-8 predicts # of valence electrons |
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Term
| What information do the periods of the periodic table give you? |
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Definition
| Periods indicate the # of shells an element has |
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Term
| What are the properties of an Acid? |
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Definition
| Sour, induct electricity, react with metals to make hydrogen gas, reactions with carbonates to release carbon dioxide, turns litmus red, contains hydronium |
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Term
| What are the properties of a Base? |
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Definition
o Bitter, Slippery, Conduct electricity, substance that has hydroxide or forms in water |
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Term
| What is an exothermic reaction? |
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Definition
Exothermic reaction is the release of energy from a system to the surroundings (Heat) due to chemical reaction |
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Term
| What is an endothermic reaction? |
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Definition
o Endothermic reaction is the absorption of energy from the system (Cold) due to a chemical reaction |
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Term
| What is the rate of reaction in reference to a chemical reaction? |
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Definition
| Refers to the likelihood of a chemical reaction. How often, and how likely a reaction will occur due to various factors. |
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Term
| What are the factors that affect rate of reaction, and how do they increase or decrease this rate? |
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Definition
Temperature - Increase of temperature will increase kinetic energy of the molecules, therefore increases rate of reaction
Surface Area - increase of surface area allows for more contact with reactant molecules, therefore increases rate of reaction
Nature of Reactants - Change of rate is different based on how reactive a reactant is
Catalysts - These complex compounds lower the required energy for reactions
Concentration - more molecules = higher likelihood for reaction |
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