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Chemistry Internship Study Questions Section 1
Specimen Suitability, Critical Values, & Instrumentation
45
Chemistry
Undergraduate 4
10/23/2015

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Cards

Term
List the routine Chemistry tests MOST affected by hemolysis
Definition
K, LD, CK, ALP, AST, PO4, Iron
Term
What routine chemistry results would be MOST affected by contamination with IV solution?
Definition
K, Glucose, Na, Cl
Term
What effect will EDTA have on a calcium level?
Definition
Decreased
Term
What effect will EDTA have on a Potassium level?
Definition
Increased
Term
What effect will NaFl have on a BUN?
Definition
Decreased
Term
What effect will NaFl have on Na?
Definition
Increased
Term
What effect will NaFl have on K?
Definition
Increased
Term
List the Critical Values (for adults) for the following analytes, Include reporting units:

Na
Definition
<120 mEq/L
>155 mEq/L
Term
List the Critical Values (for adults) for the following analytes, Include reporting units:

CO2
Definition
<10
>40
Term
List the Critical Values (for adults) for the following analytes, Include reporting units:

Calcium
Definition
<7 mg/dL
>12 mg/dL
Term
List the Critical Values (for adults) for the following analytes, Include reporting units:

Ionized Ca
Definition
<0.75 mmol/L
>1.63 mmol/L
Term
List the Critical Values (for adults) for the following analytes, Include reporting units:

K
Definition
<3 mEq/L
>6 mEq/L
Term
List the Critical Values (for adults) for the following analytes, Include reporting units:

Phosphate
Definition
<1
>8
Term
List the Critical Values (for adults) for the following analytes, Include reporting units:

Mg
Definition
<1 mg/dL
>9 mg/dL
Term
List the Critical Values (for adults) for the following analytes, Include reporting units:

Glucose
Definition
<50 mg/dL
>450 mg/dL
Term
What tests are included in a Basic Metabolic Profile (BMP)?
Definition
Na, K, Cl, CO2, BUN, Creatine, Ca, Glucose
Term
What tests are included in a Liver Function Panel?
Definition
Bilirubin, ALP, AST, LD, GGT, Albumin
Term
What tests are included in a Lipid Panel?
Definition
Cholesterol, Triglycerides, HDL, LDL
Term
What minimum information should be included on EVERY specimen container?
Definition
Name, MRN, DOB, Date/Time, Collector
Term
What is the Formula for Beer's Law?
Definition
(Unknown Abs / Standard Abs) = (Unknown Concentration / Standard Concentration)
Term
How would you calculate the concentration of the Unknown using Beer's Law given the following information:

Unknown Abs = 0.028
Standard Abs = 0.019
Standard Concentration = 20.0 mg/dL
Definition
(0.028/0.019) x (20.0) = Unknown Concentration
Term
Calculate the concentration of the Unknown using Beer's Law given the following information:

Unknown Abs = 0.028
Standard Abs = 0.019
Standard Concentration = 20.0 mg/dL
Definition
29.5 mg/dL
Term
What is the purpose of using specimen or reagent blanks in some spectrophotometric assays?
Definition
"Subtract" out absorbance from pigmented specimens or reagents
Term
What is the function of a monochromator in a spectrophotometer?
Definition
Isolate specific wavelength
Term
Name some common types of monochromators in a spectrophotometer.
Definition
Prisms, Filters, Diffraction gratings
Term
In atomic absorption spectrophotometry, what is the light source?
Definition
Hollow cathode tube
Term
What type of compound is usually being analyzed in atomic absorption spectrophotometry?
Definition
Trace Elements / Metals
Term
Match the type of instrumentation to its principle of operation:

Electrophoresis
Definition
Separation of proteins based on charge and size
Term
Match the type of instrumentation to its principle of operation:

Osmometry
Definition
Measures the total number of dissolved particles in a solution
Term
Match the type of instrumentation to its principle of operation:

Amperometry
Definition
Current is measured in an electrochemical cell when a constant voltage is applied
Term
Match the type of instrumentation to its principle of operation:

Nephelometry
Definition
Measures light scattered by ag-ab complexes
Term
Match the type of instrumentation to its principle of operation:

Fluorometry
Definition
Measured substances that absorb light at one wavelength and emit light at a second, different wavelength
Term
Match the type of instrumentation to its principle of operation:

Chemiluminescence
Definition
Chemical reaction that produces photons of light
Term
Match the type of instrumentation to its principle of operation:

Potentiometry
Definition
Voltage difference measured between a reference and an indicator electrode; pH meters and ISE
Term
Match the type of instrumentation to its principle of operation:

Chromatography
Definition
Separation of mixtures into individual components based on specific physical characteristics
Term
What is the most common application of potentiometry in a routine clinical lab?
Definition
Ion selective Electrodes for Electrolytes
Term
Match the principle of operation with its instrument:

Separation of proteins based on charge and size
Definition
Electrophoresis
Term
Match the principle of operation with its instrument:

Measures the total number of dissolved particles in a solution
Definition
Osmometry
Term
Match the principle of operation with its instrument:
Current is measured in an electrochemical cell when a constant voltage is applied
Definition
Amperometry
Term
Match the principle of operation with its instrument:

Measures light scattered by AGN-ABY complexes
Definition
Nephelometry
Term
Match the principle of operation with its instrument:

Measured substances that absorb light at one wavelength and emit light at a second, different wavelength
Definition
Fluorometry
Term
Match the principle of operation with its instrument:

Voltage difference measured between a reference and an indicator electrode; pH meters and ISE
Definition
Potentiometry
Term
Match the principle of operation with its instrument:

Separation of mixtures into individual components based on specific physical characteristics
Definition
Chromatography
Term
Match the principle of operation with its instrument:

Chemical reaction that produces photons of light
Definition
Chemiluminescence
Term
The following are examples of what type of instrumentation:
pH meters and ISE
Definition
Potentiometry
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