Term
| Energy value of a quantum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Angular momentum of an electron |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Electromagnetic energy of a photon of light |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Electromagnetic energy of a photon of light, combining Bohr's and Planck's |
|
Definition
E = hc/λ = -RH ( 1/n2i - 1/n2f) |
|
|
Term
| Quantum difference between the energies of two shells as an electron moves further away from the nucleus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
FC = V - Nnonbonding - (1/2)Nbonding
where V = valence e- |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mol = weight of sample (g)/Molar weight (g/mol) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Equivalents = mass of compound(g)/Gram
equivalent weights (g) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Molarity = Normality/n
where n = number of ions produced or consumed per mole of compound in the rxn |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
% comp = (mass of X in formula/formula
weight of compound) X 100% |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Percent Yield = (actual yield/theoretical yield) X 100% |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Equilibrium constant (Law of Mass Action), Keq |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ratio of forward and backward rate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Total internal energy of a system (ΔU) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Heat released or absorbed by a process, q |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| enthalpy of a reaction, ΔHrxn |
|
Definition
| ΔHrxn = Hproducts - Hreactants |
|
|
Term
| Standard Heat of Reaction, ΔH°rxn |
|
Definition
| ΔH°rxn = Σ(ΔH°f of products) - Σ(ΔH°f of reactants) |
|
|
Term
| Boltzmann constant (gas laws), k |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
µ = qr
q is the charge magnitude, r is the distance between partial charges |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ΔS = Qrev
T
where Q = heat gained or lost in a reversible process |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| standard entropy change for a reaction |
|
Definition
| ΔS°rxn = ΣΔS°products -ΣΔS°reactants |
|
|
Term
| Standard Gibbs Free Energy |
|
Definition
| ΔG°rxn = Σ(ΔG°f of products) -Σ(ΔG°f of reactants) |
|
|
Term
| Free Energy related to Equilibrium Constant |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Spontaneity of a reaction at some point of the process |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Kinetic Energy of a molecule of gas (KE) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| effusion, the flow of gas from one compartment to another |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
V/T = k or V1/T1 = V2/T2
or
V/T = nR/P |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Van der Waals Equation of State |
|
Definition
(P + n2a) (V - nb) = nRT
(V2)_____________ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ΔG = G(g) - G(s) = 0
or
G(g) = G(s) |
|
|
Term
| Vapor point depression (Raolt's Law) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| number of dissolved ions per mole of solute; for example, for NaCl, i = 2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Solubility Product Constant, Ksp |
|
Definition
In a solution dissolving AmBn(s) ↔ mAn+(aq) + nBm-(aq)
Ksp = [An+]m[Bm-]n |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Water Dissociation Constant, Kw |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pH = -log[H+] = log (1/[H+]) |
|
|
Term
| titration of acids and bases |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ka = [H3O+][A-]
[HA]
Kb = [B+][OH-]
[BOH] |
|
|
Term
| Product of acid and base dissociation constant |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pH of a weak acid considering its conjugate base |
|
Definition
pH = pKa + log [conjugate base]
[weak acid] |
|
|
Term
| pOH of a weak base considering its conjugate acid |
|
Definition
pOH = pKb + log [conjugate acid]
[weak base] |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| emf° = E°cath - E°anode = E°red + E°ox |
|
|
Term
| emf and Gibbs Free Energy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Nernst Equation, effect of concentration on emf of a cell |
|
Definition
Ecell = E°cell - (RT) (ln Q)
(nF) |
|
|
Term
| relation of emf and the equilibrium constant, Keq |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Standard Free Energy of a Cell |
|
Definition
ΔG° = -nFE°cell = -RT ln Keq
or more simply
nFE°cell = RT ln Keq |
|
|
Term
| natural log of a number that is less than 1 |
|
Definition
|
|