Term
According to the kinetic-molecular theory, particles of matter
a-have different colors
b-are in constant motion
c-are always fluid
d-have different shapes |
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Definition
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Term
An ideal gas is a hypothetical gas...
a-made of motionless particles
b-whose particles have zero mass
c-that conforms to all the assumptions of the kinetic theory
d-not made of particles |
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Definition
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Term
Unlike an ideal gas, in a real gas...
a-all particles move in the same direction
b-the particles cannot diffuse
c-the particles exert attractive forces on each other
d-all particles have the same kinetic energy |
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Definition
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Term
According to the kinetic-molecular theory, which is the most significant difference between gases and liquids?
a-the mass of each particle
b-the distance between the particles
c-the shapes of the particles
d-the type of collision that occurs between particles |
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Definition
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Term
Which is an example of gas diffusion?
a-a cylinder of oxygen stored under high pressure
b-the odor of perfume spreading throughout a room
c-inflating a flat tire
d-all of the above |
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Definition
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Term
which is an example of effusion?
a-helium dispersing into a room after a balloon pops
b-oxygen and gasoline fumes mixing in an automobile carburetor
c-air slowly escaping from a pinhole on a tire
d-the aroma of a cooling pie spreading across a room |
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Definition
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Term
Why does the air pressure inside the tires of a car increase when the car is driven?
a-some of the air has leaked out
b-the atmosphere compresses the tire
c-the air particles inside the tire increase their speed because their temperature rises
d-the air particles collide with the tire after the car is in motion |
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Definition
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Term
What is the process by which molecules of a gas randomly encounter and pass through a small opening in a container?
a-diffusion
b-osmosis
c-distillation
d-effusion |
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Definition
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Term
What does the constant bombardment of gas molecules against the inside walls of a container produce?
a-pressure
b-density
c-temperature
d-diffusion |
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Definition
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Term
The intermolecular forces between particles are....
a-weaker in solids than in liquids
b-stronger in gases that in solids
c-equal in strength in gases and in liquids
d-stronger in liquids than in gases |
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Definition
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Term
Which of these best describes vaporization?
a-the process by which a liquid changes to a gas
b-the process by which a solid changes to a gas
c-Both (a) and (b)
d-neither (a) nor (b) |
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Definition
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Term
Which term best describes the process by which particles escape from the surface of a non-boiling liquid and enter the gas state?
a-sublimation
b-evaporation
c-surface tension
d-aeration |
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Definition
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Term
Which of these can happen due to decreasing the average energy of a liquid's particles?
a-vaporization
b-evaporation
c-a random arrangement
d-freezing |
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Definition
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Term
Molecules at the surface of a liquid can enter the vapor phase only if....
a-equilibrium has not been reached
b-the concentration of the vapor is zero
c-their energy is high enough to overcome the attractive forces in the liquid
d-condensation is not occurring |
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Definition
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Term
Why would a camper near the top of Mt. Everest find that water boils at less than 100 degrees Celsius?
a-there is greater atmospheric pressure than at sea level
b-the flames are hotter at that elevation
c-there is less atmospheric pressure than at sea level
d-the atmosphere has less moisture |
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Definition
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Term
Glycerol boils at a slightly higher temperature than water. This reveals that glycerol's attractive forces are....
a-nonexistent
b-weaker than those of water
c-the same as those of water
d-stronger than those of water |
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Definition
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Term
During boiling, the temperature of a liquid...
a-remains constant
b-increases
c-decreases
d-approaches water's boiling point |
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Definition
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Term
Who developed that the total pressure of a mixture of gases is the sum of their partial pressures?
a-Charles
b-Boyle
c-Kelvin
d-Dalton |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following has components in a nonuniform arrangement?
a-homogeneous mixture
b-solution
c-salt water
d-heterogeneous mixture |
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Definition
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Term
Which mixture contains visible particles that settle out unless the mixture is stirred?
a-a colloid
b-a homogeneous mixture
c-a solution
d-a suspension |
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Definition
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Term
Which mixture contains particles that are in a dispersed phase and do not settle out?
a-a colloid
b-a homogeneous mixture
c-a solution
d-a suspension |
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Definition
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Term
A metal solution is a(n)
a-colloid
b-alloy
c-suspension
d-emulsion |
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Definition
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Term
Colloids...
a-can be separated by filtering
b-settle out when allowed to stand
c-scatter light
d-contain particles larger than 1000 nm |
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Definition
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Term
A substance whose water solution is a good conductor of electricity is a(n)...
a-nonelectrolyte
b-electrolyte
c-nonpolar substance
d-solute |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is an electrolyte?
a-sodium chloride
b-sugar
c-pure water
d-glass |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is a nonelectrolyte?
a-sodium chloride
b-hydrogen chloride
c-sugar
d-potassium chloride |
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Definition
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Term
Increasing the surface area of the solute....
a-increases the rate of dissolution
b-decreases the rate of dissolution
c-has no effect on the rate of dissolution
d-can increase, decrease, or have no effect on the rate of dissolution |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following will dissolve most slowly?
a-large salt crystals in unstirred water
b-large salt crystals in stirred water
c-small salt crystals in unstirred water
d-small salt crystals in stirred water |
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Definition
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Term
Raising solvent temperature causes a solvent-solute collisions to become....
a-less frequent and more energetic
b-more frequent and more energetic
c-less frequent and less energetic
d-more frequent and less energetic |
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Definition
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Term
If the amount of solute present in a solution at a given temperature is given temperature is less than the maximum amount that can dissolve at that temperature, the solution is said to be....
a-saturated
b-unsaturated
c-supersaturated
d-concentrated |
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Definition
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Term
"Like dissolves like" is a very general rule used for predicting whether....
a-one substance will form a solution with another
b-one substance will react with another
c-a reaction will reach equilibrium
d-a mixture will contain two or three phases |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is an example of a polar solvent?
a-carbon tetrachloride
b-benzene
c-water
d-gasoline |
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Definition
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Term
During the dissolving process, which particles interact?
a-solute only
b-solvent only
c-solute and solvent
d-none of the above |
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Definition
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Term
Pressure has the greatest effect on the solubility of...
a-solids and liquids
b-liquids in liquids
c-gases in gases
d-gases in liquids |
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Definition
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Term
The solubility of gases in liquids....
a-increases with increasing pressure
b-cannot reach equilibrium
c-decreases with increasing pressure
d-does not depend on pressure |
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Definition
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Term
Henry's law relates...
a-pressure to temperature
b-pressure to gas-liquid solubility
c-temperature to gas-liquid solubility
d-pressure to liquid-solid solubility |
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Definition
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Term
As temperature increases, solubility of gases in liquids....
a-increases
b-decreases
c-can increase
d-is not affected |
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Definition
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Term
In the precipitation video (wow), he used lots of carbonates, phosphates, and hydroxides as they....
a-almost always form a precipitate
b-form a side variety of colors
c-were coincidently chosen
d-are inexpensive |
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Definition
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Term
Electrolytes affect colligative properties differently than do nonelectrolytes because electrolytes....
a-produce more moles of solute particles per mole of solute
b-produce fewer moles of solute particles per mole of solute
c-have lower boiling points
d-are easily evaporated |
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Definition
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Term
In the NaClNOSO chart, the "SO" stands for....
a-solubility
b-none of the answers are correct
c-spectator
d-SO4 |
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Definition
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Term
A precipitation reaction is a type of....
a-polyatomic ion dissociation
b-combustion reaction
c-acid base reaction
d-double displacement reaction |
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Definition
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Term
Sugar is not an electrolyte because...
a-is too large
b-it has covalent bonds
c-it does ionize in solution
d-it has ionic bonds |
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Definition
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Term
Why is a freezing-point depression a colligative property?
a-it is inversly proportional to the molal concentration of a solution
b-it is directly proportionla to the molal concentration of a solution
c-it depends on the properites of an electrolyte in a solvent
d-it does not depend on a molal freezing-point constant for each solvent |
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Definition
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Term
Colligative properties depend on....
a-the boiling point and freezing point of the solution
b-the identity of the solute particles
c-the concentration of the solute particles
d-the physical properties of the solute particles |
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Definition
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Term
Ionization is different that dissociation. This is because ionization involves...
a-formation of ions from a molecule with covalent bonds
b-sharing of electrons
c-transferring of electrons
d-dissociation of ions form a compound with ionic bonds |
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Definition
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Term
For properties that are colligative such as boiling point, the solute particles...
a-break apart the solvent H-bonds
b-prevent the solvent molecules from leaving the surface of the solution
c-make strong covalent bonds that reuire more heat to break
d-form a "skin" over the solution |
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Definition
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Term
A precipitation reaction must form a....
a-liquid or a solid
b-liquid and another reaction
c-two precipitates
d-solid and another reaction |
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Definition
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Term
When writing net ionic equations,
a-write all compounds
b-none of the answers are correct
c-leave the spectators out of the equation
d-leave the precipitates out of the equation |
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Definition
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Term
In order for two compounds to react they must...
a-form a solid or a liquid
b-all answers are correct
c-both be soluble
d-collide |
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Definition
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Term
Acetic acid is found in....
a-lemons
b-vinegar
c-sour milk
d-apples |
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Definition
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Term
Aqueous solutions of acids
a-contain only two different elements
b-carry electricity
c-have very high boiling points
d-cannot be prepared |
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Definition
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Term
An acid ending with the suffix -ic produces an anion with the
a-suffix -ate
b-suffix -ite
c-prefix hydro-
d-suffix -ous |
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Definition
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Term
Which acid is produced in the stomach?
a-hydrochloric acid
b-phosphoric acid
c-nitric acid
d-sulfuric acid |
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Definition
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Term
Which acid is found in vinegar?
a-acetic acid
b-nitric acid
c-phosphoric acid
d-hydrochloric acid |
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Definition
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Term
An Arrhenius acid contains...
a-hydrogen that does not ionize
b-hydrogen that ionizes to form hydrogen ions
c-oxygen that ionizes to form hydroxide ions
d-oxygen that ionizes to form oxygen ions |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is NOT a strong acid?
a-HNO3
b-CH3COOH
c-H2SO4
d-HCl |
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Definition
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Term
In water, hydroxides of Group 2 metals....
a-are all strong bases
b-are all weak bases
c-are all acids
d-are nonelectrolytes |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is a triprotic acid?
a-H2SO4
b-CH3COOOH
c-HCl
d-H3PO4 |
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Definition
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Term
A Bronsted-Lowry acid is a(n)
a-electron pair acceptor
b-electron pair donor
c-proton acceptor
d-proton donor |
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Definition
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Term
A species that remains when an acid has lost a proton is a....
a-conjugate base
b-conjugate acid
c-strong base
d-strong acid |
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Definition
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Term
The members of a conjugate acid-base pair....
a-appear on the same side of the chemical equation
b-appear on opposite sides of the chemical equation
c-might appear on the same side or on opposite sides of the equation
d-are not included in the chemical equation |
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Definition
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Term
In a conjugate acid-base pair, the acid typically has....
a-one more proton than the base
b-one fewer proton than the base
c-two fewer protons than the base
d-the same number of protons as the base |
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Definition
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Term
An amphoteric species is one that reacts as a(n)....
a-acid only
b-base only
c-acid or base
d-none of the above |
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Definition
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Term
Pure water partially breaks down into charged particles in a process called....
a-hydration
b-hydrolysis
c-self-ionization
d-dissociation |
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Definition
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Term
As a general rule, the entropy of a solid is....
a-less than that of a liquid
b-zero
c-more than that of a gas
d-more than that of a liquid |
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Definition
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Term
For an exothermic reaction, delta H is always....
a-zero
b-positive
c-small
d-negative |
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Definition
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Term
In water, hydroxides of Group 2 metals....
a-are all strong bases
b-are all weak bases
c-are all acids
d-are nonelectrolytes |
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Definition
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Term
What is the difference between the enthalpies of the products and the reactants?
a-delta G
b-delta S
c-H
d-delta H |
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Definition
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Term
What is the symbol for Gibb's free-energy change?
a-delta G
b-delta T
c-delta S
d-delta H |
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Definition
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Term
Delta H=
a-Hproducts-Hreactants
b-Hreactants-Hproducts
c-Hproducts/Hreactants
d-Hreactant+Hproducts |
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Definition
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Term
As a general rule, the entropy of a solid is....
a-less than that of a liquid
b-zero
c-more than that of a gas
d-more than that of a liquid |
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Definition
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Term
For an exothermic reaction, delta H is always....
a-zero
b-positive
c-small
d-negative |
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Definition
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Term
If a reaction is endothermic, which side of the reaction should the heat energy by written?
a-products
b-depends on the entropy
c-reactants
d-can not be determined |
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Definition
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Term
If a piece of aluminum is heated from 30.0 degrees Celsius, what is the value of delta T
a-20.0 K
b-0.0 K
c- -20.0 K
d-Cannot be determined from the information given |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following substances has the highest entropy?
a-crushed ice
b-steam
c-liquid water
d-ice water |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is a measure of the randomness in a system?
a-enthalpy
b-free energy
c-temperature
d-entropy |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following has the highest entropy when produced in a reaction?
a-a solid
b-a liquid
c-a gas
d-an aqueous solution |
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Definition
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Term
What is the symbol for entropy?
a-G
b-T
c-S
d-H |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following systems has the lowest entropy?
a-oil floating in a container of water
b-sand mixed in a container of water
c-salt dissolved in a container of water
d-a container of frozen water |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following best describes temperature?
a-energy of change
b-energy as heat absorbed or released in a chemical or physical change
c-a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter
d-energy in the form of heat |
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Definition
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Term
As ice melts, the water molecules...
a-stya ordered the same as in ice
b-go from a less-ordered phase to a more-ordered phase
c-go from a well-ordered phase to a less-ordered phase
d-none of the above |
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Definition
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Term
The quantity of energy released or absorbed as heat during a chemical reaction is called the....
a-enthalpy of reaction
b-entropy
c-temperature
d-free energy |
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Definition
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Term
Energy is measured in units of...
a-kelvin
b-joules
c-grams
d-pounds |
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Definition
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Term
delta H is always positive for a....
a-spontaneous reaction
b-endothermic reaction
c-nonspontaneous reaction
d-exothermic reaction |
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Definition
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Term
An equation that includes the quantity of energy released or absorbed as energy in the form of heat during the reaction is a(n)....
a-thermochemical equation
b-kinetic equation
c-energetic equation
d-temperature equation |
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Definition
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