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Chemistry Exams All
All Chemistry Answers for Ellzey
190
Chemistry
Undergraduate 2
05/08/2014
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Term
Which of the following is a property of a solid?
 Definition
The particles have fixed positions and are very close together.
Term
If experimental results do not agree with your hypothesis, you should
 Definition
write a new hypothesis
Term
In an atom, the nucleus contains
 Definition
all the protons and neutrons
Term
Which element would have physical and chemical properties similar to chlorine?
 Definition
Br
Term
Almost all of the mass of an atom exists in its
 Definition
nucleus
Term
Au is the symbol for
 Definition
gold
Term
Air is a(n)
 Definition
homogeneous mixture
Term
The primary substances of which all other things are composed are
 Definition
elements
Term
Which of the following is an example of a hypothesis?
 Definition
Plants need sunlight to grow
Term
Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have
 Definition
the same atomic number but different number of neutrons
Term
which of the following is a characteristic of the modern periodic table?
 Definition
the elements in each group have similar chemical properties
Term
the atomic mass of an element is equal to
 Definition
a weights average mass of all of the naturally occurring isotopes of the element
Term
The electron arrangement of any particular atom shows
 Definition
the number of electrons in each shell
Term
what is the conversion factor for the relationship between millimeters and centimeters
 Definition
10 mm/1cm
Term
the specific heat of copper is 0.093 cal/g C and the specific heat of silver is 0.057 cal/g C. if 100 cal of heat is added to one g of each metal at 25 C, what is the expected result
 Definition
the silver will reach a higher temperature
Term
A calculator answer of 423.6059 must be rounded off to three significant figures. what answer is reported
 Definition
424
Term
Mercury-202 has how many neutrons in its nucleus
 Definition
122
Term
the atomic number of an atom is equal to the number of
 Definition
protons
Term
the temperature of liquid nitrogen is -196 C. what is the corresponding reading on the kelvin scale
 Definition
77 K
Term
a hypothetical element contains three isotopes of mass 16 amu, 17 amu, 18 amu with relative abundances of 20%, 50%, and 30% respectively. the average atomic mass is
 Definition
17.1 amu
Term
what is the correct symbol for the element copper
 Definition
Cu
Term
how many calories are required to convert 17 g of ice at 0.0 C to liquid water at 32.0 C? the heat of fusion of water is 80 cal/g
 Definition
1900 cal
Term
the number of dots in the electron dot structure of carbon is
 Definition
four
Term
if the temperature is 20 C what is the corresponding temperature on the Fahrenheit scale
 Definition
68 F
Term
Which of the following is a measurement of mass in the metric system
 Definition
kilogram
Term
the correct answer for the addition of 7.5 g+2.26 g+1.311 g+2 g is
 Definition
13 g
Term
in a gas the distance between the particles is
 Definition
very large relative to the size of the molecules
Term
the amount of space occupied by a substance is
 Definition
volume
Term
which of the following is an example of a physical change
 Definition
grinding coffee beans
Term
the formation of a gas resulting from the escape of high energy particles from the surface of a liquid is known as
 Definition
evaporation
Term
the cubic centimeter has the same volume as a
 Definition
millimeter
Term
diamond has a density of 3.52 g/mL what is the volume in cubic centimeters of a diamond with a mass of 15.1 g
 Definition
4.29 cm3
Term
5.21 cm is the same distance as
 Definition
0.0521 m
Term
which of the following gives the correct numbers of protons, neutrons, and electrons in a neutral atom of 118/50 Sn
 Definition
50 protons, 68 neutrons, 50 electrons
Term
which of the following examples illustrates a number that is correctly rounded to three significant figures
 Definition
20.0332 grams to 20.0 grams
Term
the energy associated with the motion of particles in a substance is called
 Definition
heat
Term
round the following number to 2 significant figures: 105.006
 Definition
110,000
Term
two atoms must represent the same element if they both have the same:
 Definition
atomic number
Term
the specific heat of a substance is the amount of heat that is needed to
 Definition
raise the temperature of 1 g of the substance by 1C
Term
the physical state present when a substance is melting is
 Definition
solid+liquid
Term
in a covalently bonded molecule the number of electrons that an atom shares with others is usually equal to the number of electrons
 Definition
needed to give it a noble gas arrangement
Term
Avogadro's number is the number of
 Definition
particles in 1 mole of substance
Term
in an oxidation-reduction reaction the substance reduced always
 Definition
shows a gain of electrons
Term
the half life of a radioisotope is
 Definition
the time it takes for one-half of the sample to decay
Term
the correct name of the compound NCl3 is
 Definition
nitrogen trichloride
Term
how many moles of iron are present in 3.15*10^24 atoms of iron
 Definition
5.23 moles
Term
the main interactions between molecules of hydrogen chloride are examples of
 Definition
dipole-dipole interactions
Term
the nuclear symbol of helium 4/2 He, is also the symbol for designating
 Definition
alpha particle
Term
the molar mass of C3H8O2 is
 Definition
76.0 g
Term
which of the following polyatomic ions has a positive charge
 Definition
ammonium
Term
valence electrons are electrons located
 Definition
in the outermost energy level of an atom
Term
which of the following gives the balanced equation for this reaction
Ca3(PO4)2+KNO3
 Definition
2K3PO4+3Ca(NO3)2-> Ca3(PO4)2+6KNO3
Term
the correct formula for the compound formed from Mg and S is
 Definition
MgS
Term
how many valence electrons are in the electron-dot structure of H2O
 Definition
8
Term
the ability of an atom to attract the shared electrons in a covalent bond is its
 Definition
electronegativity
Term
a wooden object from a prehistoric site has a carbon-14 activity of 10 counts per minute (cpm) compared to 40 cpm for new wood. if carbon-14 has a half-life of 5730 years what is the age of the wood
 Definition
11,500 years
Term
how many moles of water H2O are present in 75.0 g of H2O
 Definition
4.17 moles
Term
which of the following represents the correct Lewis structure for Cl
 Definition
Cl=7
Term
what is the symbol for the ion with 19 protons and 18 electrons
 Definition
K+
Term
the nuclear reaction shown below is an example of what type of process?
<224/90 Th -> 220/88 Rn + 4/2 He>
 Definition
alpha emission
Term
how many electrons will chlorine gain or lose when it forms an ion
 Definition
gain 1
Term
what is the coefficient of hydrogen H2 when the following equation is balanced
Al2(SO4)3 + ?H2>
 Definition
3
Term
what is the ionic charge of an ion with 18 protons and 15 electrons
 Definition
3+
Term
Given the following equation what is the correct form of the conversion factor needed to convert the number of moles of O2 to the number of mole of Fe2O3 produced
<4Fe(s) + 3O2 (g)-> 2Fe2O3 (s)>
 Definition
2 moles of Fe2O3/3 moles of O2
Term
the shape of the carbon tetrachloride molecule is
 Definition
tetrahedral
Term
how many lone pairs of electrons are in the electron dot structure of H2O
 Definition
2
Term
an ionic compound
 Definition
has a net charge of zero
Term
the shape of the ammonia molecule (NH3) is
 Definition
pyramidal
Term
which one of the following elements forms two or more ions with different ionic charges
 Definition
Fe
Term
which of the following polyatomic ions has a 3- ionic charge
 Definition
phosphate
Term
a_____is the smallest neutral unit of two or more atoms held together by a covalent bond
 Definition
molecule
Term
in any balanced chemical equation the number of each type of atom on both sides of the equation is
 Definition
the same
Term
if the electronegativity difference between elements X and Y is 2.1 the bond between the elements X-Y is
 Definition
ionic
Term
the symbol 0/-1 e is a symbol used for an
 Definition
beta particle
Term
what is the formula of carbon tetraiodide
 Definition
CI4
Term
which of the following correctly gives the best coefficients for the reaction below?
N2+H2O
 Definition
1,2,1,4
Term
0.100 mole of lithium weighs
 Definition
0.694 g
Term
Which one of the following compounds contains an ion with a 3+ charge
 Definition
FeCl3
Term
the water molecule has a dipole with the negative portion
 Definition
pointing toward the oxygen atom
Term
the octet rule indicates that
 Definition
atoms lose, gain, or share valence electrons to have 8 valence electrons
Term
what is the correct formula for iron (III) sulfide
 Definition
Fe2S3
Term
the VSEPR theory allows us to determine the most favorable
 Definition
shape of a molecule
Term
what is the formula of a compound that contains Na+ and PO4 3- ions
 Definition
Na3PO4
Term
the shape of the water molecule H2O is
 Definition
bent
Term
the main type of interaction between molecules of hydrogen H2 are
 Definition
dispersion forces
Term
which of the following types of radiation has the highest energy
 Definition
y-rays
Term
how many grams of Fe2O3 are there in 0.500 moles of Fe2O3
 Definition
79.8 g
Term
the ammonia molecule NH3 is
 Definition
a polar molecule with polar bonds
Term
the process in which a nucleus spontaneously breaks down by emitting radiation is known as
 Definition
radioactive decay
Term
what is oxidized and what is reduced in the following reaction
<2Al(s) + 3Br2(g)-> 2AlBr3(s)
 Definition
Al is oxidized and Br2 is reduced
Term
when 3.05 moles of CH4 are mixed with 5.03 moles of O2 the limiting reactant is
 Definition
O2
Term
one mole of particles of any substance contains how many particles
 Definition
6.02*10^23
Term
how many moles of carbon atoms are there in 0.500 mole of C2H6
 Definition
1.00 moles
Term
how many moles of neon occupy a volume of 14.3 L at STP
 Definition
0.638 moles
Term
as you rise higher in Earth's atmosphere the atmospheric pressure
 Definition
decreases
Term
what is the molarity of a solution that contains 3.25 moles of NaNO3 in 250. mL of solution
 Definition
13.0 M
Term
how many molecules of water H2O are present in 75.0 g of H2O
 Definition
2.51*10^24 molecules
Term
the unit of 1 atmosphere used to describe the pressure of a gas is equal to
 Definition
760 mmHg
Term
according to the kinetic theory of gases, a gas can be compressed much more than a liquid or solid because
 Definition
the particles of a gas are very far apart
Term
the solubility of KI is 50 g in 100 g of H2O at 20 C. if 110 grams of KI are added to 200 grams of H2O
 Definition
A saturated solution will form
Term
the mathematical expression of the ideal gas law is
 Definition
PV=nRT
Term
what is the volume of a 1.5 M KOH solution is needed to provide 3.0 moles of KOH
 Definition
2.0 L
Term
oil does not dissolve in water because
 Definition
oil is nonpolar
Term
how many kcal are produced when 32.0 g of CH4 react
CO2+2H2O+ 218kcal
 Definition
436 kcal
Term
a gas contained in a steel tank has a pressure of 1.5 atm at a temperature of 320 K what will be the gas pressure when the temperature changes to 450 K
 Definition
2.1 atm
Term
in the process known as osmosis_____moves through a semipermeable membrane into an are of ____concentration
 Definition
solvent; lower solvent
Term
in a solution, the solvent
 Definition
can be a solid, liquid, or gas
Term
in any balanced chemical equation the number of each type of atom on both sides of the equation is
 Definition
the same
Term
what is the concentration in m/m% of a solution prepared from 50.0g NaCl and 150.0 g of water
 Definition
25.0%
Term
in this reaction what is the correct coefficient for sodium chloride PbCl2(s)+NaNO3(aq)>
 Definition
2
Term
the reaction of carbon with oxygen to produce carbon monoxide is an example of which class of reaction
<2C(s)+O2(g)->2CO(g)>
 Definition
combination
Term
an equivalent is
 Definition
the amount of ion that carries 1 mole of electrical charge
Term
In an endothermic reaction
 Definition
energy is absorbed by the system
Term
the volume of a sample of gas initially at 25 C increases from 158 mL to 450 mL. what is the final temperature of the sample of gas if the pressure in the container is kept constant
 Definition
576 C
Term
the temperature of a 500. mL sample of gas increases from 150. K to 350. K what is the final volume of the sample of gas if the pressure in the container is kept constant
 Definition
1170 mL
Term
at STP what is the volume of 4.50 moles of nitrogen gas
 Definition
101 L
Term
during the process of diluting a solution to a lower concentration
 Definition
the amount of solute does not change
Term
when 10.0 g of NH3 reacts the actual yield of N2 is 8.50 g. what is the percent yield
<4NH3(g)+6NO(g)->5N2(g)+6H2O(l)>
 Definition
41.3%
Term
a gas sample contains 4.0 g of CH4 and 2.0 g of He. what is the volume of the sample at STP
 Definition
17 L
Term
a reaction that releases energy as it occurs is classified as a
 Definition
exothermic reaction
Term
the atmospheric pressure in Denver, CO is 633 mmHg what is this pressure in atm
 Definition
0.833 atm
Term
in water a substance that ionizes completely in solution is called a
 Definition
strong electrolyte
Term
What is the molar mass of Mg3(PO4)2, a substance formerly used in medicine as an antacid
 Definition
262.9 g
Term
a hydrogen bond is
 Definition
an attraction between the hydrogen atom attached to N,O,or F and an N,O, or F atom
Term
what unit of temperature is used in gas law calculation
 Definition
Kelvin
Term
find the mass of AlCl3 that is produced when 25.0 grams of Al2O3 reacts with HCl according to the following equation
2AlCl3(aq)+3H2O(l)>
 Definition
65.4 g
Term
the total pressure in a mixture of gases is equal to the partial pressure of
 Definition
all the gases added together
Term
H2(g)+ZnCl2(aq)>
When 25.0 g of Zn reacts, how many L of H2 gas are formed at STP
 Definition
8.56L
Term
a 1.20-L container contains 1.10 g of an unknown gas at STP. what is the molecular weight of the unknown gas
 Definition
20.5 g/mole
Term
given the following equation what is the correct form of the conversion factor needed to convert the number of moles of O2 to the number of moles of Fe2O3 produced
 Definition
2 moles of Fe2O3/ 3 moles of O2
Term
the___is the minimum energy needed for the chemical reaction to begin
 Definition
activation energy
Term
a tank contains a mixture of helium, neon, and argon gas if the total pressure in the tank is 490 mmHg and the partial pressure of helium and argon are 215 mmHg and 102 mmHg respectively what is the partial pressure of neon
 Definition
173 mmHg
Term
when solutions of KCl and Pb(NO3)2 are mixed a precipitate forms. which of the following is the balanced equation for the double replacement reaction that occurs
 Definition
2KCl(aq)+PB(NO3)2(aq)->2 KNO3(aq)+PbCl2(s)
Term
in the kinetic molecular theory of gas behavior the assumption is made that gas molecules
 Definition
move rapidly in random directions
Term
The molar mass of potassium is
 Definition
39.1 g
Term
when solutions of NaCl and AgNO3 are mixed
 Definition
a precipitate of AgCl forms
Term
when some of the sugar added to iced tea remains undissolved at the bottom of the glass the solution is
 Definition
saturated
Term
at STP temperature and pressure have a value of
 Definition
273 K and 760 mmHg
Term
what is the molar mass of copper(II) sulfate, CuSO4
 Definition
159.6 g
Term
how many moles of iron are present in 3.15*10^24 atoms of iron
 Definition
5.23 moles
Term
a catalyst is
 Definition
a substance that speeds up a reaction without being consumed in the reaction
Term
when a reaction is at equilibrium
 Definition
the forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate
Term
the activation energy of a chemical reaction is the energy that
 Definition
initiates the reaction
Term
a chemical reaction has reached equilibrium when
 Definition
the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction
Term
in the following reaction what is the effect of adding more NO2 to the starting reaction mixture
<2NO2>N2O4>
 Definition
it would increase the final quantity of products
Term
iron metal reacts with oxygen gas to produce iron (III) oxide what will be the effect of increasing the pressure of oxygen gas in a closed reaction vessel
 Definition
more iron oxide will be produced
Term
in the following reaction what is the effect on the direction of the reaction if more SO3 is added to the reaction mixture
<2SO2+O2>2SO3>
 Definition
the equilibrium shifts to produce more reactants
Term
in the following reaction Kc is much less than 1. at equilibrium which of the following statements is true
CO+Cl2>
 Definition
the concentration of reactants is much greater than the concentration of products
Term
the equilibrium constant for the production of carbon dioxide from carbon monoxide and oxygen is Kc=2*10^11. this means that the reaction mixture at equilibrium is likely to consist of
 Definition
mostly products
Term
which of the following equilibrium constants indicates the reaction that gives the smallest amount of product
 Definition
Kc=5*10^-10
Term
the equilibrium for the reaction for the decomposition of PCl5 to chlorine and PCl3 is 0.042. If the equilibrium concentrations are PCl3=0.010M, Cl2=0.10M, what is the value of PCl5 PCl3(g)+Cl2(g)>
 Definition
0.024M
Term
the rate of any chemical reaction can be determined by observing
 Definition
the amount of products formed in a unit of time
Term
refrigerating perishable foods affects biochemical reactions y
 Definition
decreasing the rate of reactions affecting spoilage
Term
one metal that is used as a catalyst in a catalytic converter in an automobile is
 Definition
platinum
Term
a reaction that can proceed in either the forward or the reverse direction as written is called a _____reaction
 Definition
reversible
Term
for the equilibrium reaction of carbon dioxide with water what is the appropriate equation
 Definition
H2O+CO2>H2CO3
Term
the reaction for the decomposition of PCl5 to chlorine and PCl3 is shown below.if the equilibrium concentrations are PCl5= 1.0M PCl3=0.10M, Cl2=0.10 M what is the value of the equilibrium constant? PCl3(g)+Cl2(g)
 Definition
1.0*10^-2
Term
What is the correct form for the equilibrium constant for this reaction
H2g+F2g>2HFg
 Definition
HF^2
H2F2
Term
In an exothermic reaction heat can be considered a
 Definition
product
Term
for the reaction of carbon with carbon dioxide to make carbon monoxide, the reaction is as follows. write the form of the Kc.
C(s)+CO2(g)>2CO(g)
 Definition
Kc= CO^2/
CO2
Term
For the following reaction the equilibrium constant Kc is 2.0 at a certain temperature if the concentration of both products is 0.10 M at equilibrium what is the concentration of the starting material NOBr?
2NOBr(g)>2NO(g)+Br2(g)
 Definition
2.2*10^-2
Term
For the following reaction the equilibrium constant Kc is 2.0 at a certain temperature bromine can be liquefied easily and removed from the reaction vessel as it is formed. if this is done how will it affect the equilibrium reaction
2NOBr(g)>2NO(g)+Br2(g)
 Definition
more products will be made as Br2 is removed
Term
according to the Arrhenius concept if NaOH were dissolved in water it would act as
 Definition
a base
Term
according to the Arrhenius concept if HNO3 were dissolved in water it would act as
 Definition
an acid
Term
the name given to an aqueous solution of HNO3 is
 Definition
nitric acid
Term
which one of the following is characteristic of a base
 Definition
has a slippery, soapy feel
Term
according to the Bronsted-Lowry definition
 Definition
a base is a proton acceptor
Term
identify the Bronsted-Lowry acid in the following reaction
H2O+CO3>HCO3+OH
 Definition
H2O
Term
the name of Al(OH)3 is
 Definition
aluminum hydroxide
Term
which of the following statements correctly describes the hydronium-hydroxide balance in the given solution
 Definition
in bases OH- is greater than H3O+
Term
For Kw the product of H3O and OH is
 Definition
1.0*10^-14
Term
what is the H3O in a solution with OH=1*10^-12 M
 Definition
1*10^-2 M
Term
ammonium hydroxide is a weak base because
 Definition
it dissociates only slightly in water
Term
what is the pH of a solution with H3O=1*10^-9
 Definition
9.0
Term
what is the pH of a solution with a solution with OH=1*10^-4
 Definition
10.0
Term
in which of the following are the pH values arranged from the most basic to the most acidic
 Definition
14,10,7,4,3,1
Term
which of the following is the strongest acid
 Definition
HCl
Term
an acid and base react to form a salt and water in a _____reaction
 Definition
neutralization
Term
which of the following is the correctly balanced equation for the complete neutralization of H3PO4 with Ca(OH)2
 Definition
2H3PO4+3Ca(OH)2>Ca3(PO4)2+6H2O
Term
the normal blood pH is about
 Definition
7.4
Term
the function of a buffer is to
 Definition
maintain the pH of a solution
Term
a 25.0 mL sample H3PO4 requires 50.0 mL of 1.50 M NaOH for complete neutralization what is the molarity of the acid Na3PO4+3H2O
 Definition
1.00 M
Term
The Ka for hydrofluoric acid is 7.2*10^-4 this means that HF is
 Definition
a weak acid
Term
in a sulfuric acid solution where the H2SO4 is .005 M what is the pH
 Definition
pH=2
Term
when a piece of magnesium metal is added to hydrochloric acid what gas is produced
 Definition
hydrogen
Term
the salt made from a weak acid and a strong base should give a solution of
 Definition
pH>7
Term
which of the following could be a buffer
 Definition
HF+NaF
Term
The neutralization reaction between Al(OH)3 and HNO3 produces the salt with the formula
 Definition
Al(NO3)3
Term
Which of the following is correctly identified
 Definition
NaOH strong base
Term
the H3O of solution with pH=2 is
 Definition
1*10^-2 M
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