larger K creates more reactants/products?

more products

static/dynamic with equilibrium

when @ equilib appears to be static (stationary) however it is dynamic (in constant motion)

microscopically dynamic

macroscopyicall static

INC in [ ] affect on K

INC K

(equilibrium wants to form products)

rate k1 compared k-1 at the beginning

k1 very high when compared to the revers b/c 

HIGHER [ ] of forward reactants 

LOWER [ ] of reverse reactants-start at 0

Laww of Mass Action

ratio of products produced to unreactant reactants for any given reversible rxn remains constant under constant condicitions of P and TEMP

Keq > 1

equilibrium lies to the right

-products dominate

Keq < 1

equilib lies to left 

reactants dominat

Keq = 1

= [p] /[r]

therefore

[p] = [r]

If you multipy each of the coefficients by the same factor.......

must raise keq to the same power 

If you devide coefficients by the same factor.....

must take corresponding root of Keq

When combine the individual equalibriums together.....

take the product of the equilibrium constants to obtain the overall keq

keq = keq1 * keq2

Heterogeneous Equilib

(s) and (l) involved in the equation

not involved in Keq (amount can change, but amount of it in solutuion doesnt-b/c no in solution)

*equlib mix may have diff amounts of reactants and products but value of equilib K will always be the same

-equilib K is independent of the initial amounts of reactants and products

Difference btwn Keq and Qc

reaction quotient Q has same form as equilib but uses [ ] not necessarily equal to those @ equilib

Kc > Q

-reaction proceeds to the right

-smaller # of reactants

(numerator must INC; more products must be produced)

Kc < Q

-rxn proceeds to left

-smaller # of products

denominator must INC; more reactants must be produced

Approximation

when Kc small-position favors reactans

w/ relatively lagre [ ] or products the reactant [ ] will not change significantly when reaches equilib

Le Chatelier's Principle

-when a system in a chemical equilib is disturbed by a change of temp, pressure, or [ ] the equilib will shift in a sway that tends to counteract this

INC [ ] of reactants....

  (Q < K)

shift to the right

INC [ ] products....

(Q> K)

rxn shift to the left

DEC [ ] reactants

(Q > K )

shift to the left

DEC [ ] products

(Q < K)

rxn shift to the left

DEC volume

rxn shift to side that has FEWER moles of gas

INC pressure

cause rxn to shift in direction that has fewer moles

INC volume

shift towards MORE molecs

DEC pressure

rxn shift to  GREATER moles

RXN that has equl # of moles inc/dec p or volume

no effect

Adding inert gas to rxn at fixed volumer/pressure

no effect on equilib

EXO - inc in temp

causes rxn to shift left

value of K drops

EXO dec in temp

rxn to shift to the right

value of K drops

ENDO inc in temp

rxn to shift right

(INC equilib constant)

ENDO dec in temp

rxn to shift left

equillib constant DEC

k < 10^-3

little product would be formed

10^-3 < k < 10³

rxn would leave significant amonts of reactant @ equilib