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| Father of Chemistry first atomic theory lived in early 1800s |
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| 1890s English scientist discovered electron (plum pudding model/chocolate chip cookie) using cathode ray tube |
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| early 1900s determined charge of electron also calculated mass of electron |
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early 1900s u sing Gold Foil experiment discovered the nucleus first nuclear model of an atom
later discovered the proton |
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| 1930s discovered the neutron |
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| early 1900s determined classification of element should be based on amount of protons called atomic number |
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VERY SMALL particle of which all matter is made of
smallest piece of an element that still maintains the elements properties. |
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| tube used to discover electron invented by William Crooke |
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| negatively charged particle found throughout atom in electron clouds around the nucleus approx mass= 1/1840 AMU relative charge -1 |
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| tiny very dense region inside the atom centrally located in the atom and neutral |
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| positively charged particle (+1) with relative mass of 1 AMU makes up nucleus and is used to identify an atom |
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| neutrally charged particle that along with proton makes up nucleus relative mass is 1 AMU |
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| identifies the element is the same as the number of protons in one atom |
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| atom with same amount of protons but different amount of neutrons |
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used to identify isotopes
= protons+neutrons in the isotope |
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| AMU 1/12 of a Carbon 12 atom |
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| weighted average of the isotopes of an element |
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| any change that occurs in a atom's nucleus |
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| rays and particles emitted by radioactive materials |
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| when a substance spontaneously emits radiation. |
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| two protons and two neutrons has plus two charge and is the same as the nucleus of a helium atom which is also its symbol or α (fancy a) |
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| equation involving changes occurring in the atom's nucleus |
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fast moving radioactive electrons -1 charge
shown using β |
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high energy form of radiation no charge or mass
shown using γ (fancy y) |
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