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Anything that takes up space and has weight
(light, sound, magnetism) |
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Solids- something that has all a definite shape has mass
Liquids- takes shape of container but maintains its volume
Gases- no definite shape has constant mass (at a certain temperature)
Water can be all three |
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| Two types of changes that can occur to matter. |
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Physical changes- changing the apparent e not the chemical makeup (chopping a book)
Chemical changes- is where you literally alter the chemical make up of the object. (setting tree on fire) |
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Is the smallest part of a compound that exists
106 elements exists
92 naturally occurring elements |
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| Are naturally occurring elements that are required in certain amounts (small) on a daily basis |
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If you don't eat your daily amount you get goiter
In salt called iodized salt |
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| The smallest part of an element that exists |
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| The weight of an atom, the sum of the protonsn neutrons |
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| Equal to be the number of protons |
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| Variations of an element that have a different number of neutrons |
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| Allows us to figure out how old it is |
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| 2 or more elements that are chemically combined |
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| Electronmagmetic force that holds atoms together |
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| Are bonds between atoms in which elements exchange electrons. |
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The outermost shell of any atom
Takes 8 electrons does it take to fill the outer shell |
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| Is a method in which hydrogen is either bonded with itself or bonded to other atoms formed by DNA |
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Expamda when it freezes
Absorbs heat
Temperature stays constant
Does not sink when frozen |
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| A measurement of hydrogen vs. hydroxide in a compound |
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The compound is made by living organisms
Anything that has carbon in It
Most are covalently bonded |
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Break aparts easily in water
Vital to many body functions
Include electrolytes which conduct electrical currents |
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| Acids and bases react to form water and a salt |
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| Has four valence electrons can have 4 bonds with diff elements at the same time |
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| Sugars- major sources of energy which is ATP |
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| Muscles, skin, teeth, bones, hair |
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| Straight chains, branched chains, or rings |
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| Smaller units are combined to form a larger molecule and water is removed |
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| Large water molecules can be broken apart by adding water |
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| Compounds that have the same formula but the elements are arranged diff |
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| Simplilest type of carb sugar (glucose, fructose, and galactose) |
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Double sugars
2 simple sugars joining through synthesis reaction
(sucrose,lactose, maltose) |
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Largest car molecule composed of many monosaccharides subunits
(starch, glycogen,) used for storage |
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Cant dissolve in water ( not attracted to water molecules)
large bio molecules that area made mostly of carbon and hydrogen with a small amount of oxygen (steroids) |
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Made of 3 fatty acid molecules
Oils-liquid at room temperature (c=c) in plant seeds (good)
Fats-solid at room temperature (c-c) mostly in animals (harmful) |
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| Made of 2 fatty acids, phospholipid and a glycerol (cell membrane) |
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| Made of 4 carbon rings not fatty acids (hormones, frog venom p, cholesterol) |
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Account for over half of the body's organic matter
Proves for constructing materials for body tissues
Act As enenzymes hormones and antibodies |
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Act as a cataylists
Increases the rate of chemical reaction
Usually end in "ase" |
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20 different amino acids which can make thousands of protiens
Peptide bonds holds amino acids together |
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Made of sugar
Made of phosphate=Po4
Nitrogenous Bose ( T, A, C, G) |
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stands for deoxyribonucleic acid
Info coded in DNA contains instructions |
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Adenosine triphosphate
Makes energy replenished by oxidation of food fuels |
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