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Chemistry 1B
Chapter 10
13
Chemistry
Undergraduate 1
01/23/2007

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Term
FOR NEARLY ALL THEIR COMPOUNDS:
Definition
Hydrogen atoms form one bond.
Carbon atoms form four bonds.
Nitrogen atoms form three bonds.
Oxygen atoms form two bonds
Halogens form one bond when they are surrounding atoms; fluorine is always a surround atom.
Term
RESONANCE
Definition
Same relative placement of ATOMS but different locations of BONDING and LONE electron pairs.
Term
ELECTRON DEFICIENT
Definition
gaseous molecules containing either BERYLLIUM or BORON as the central atom; they have FEWER than 8 e-
Term
OXIDATION NUMBERS (FORMULA)
Definition
[valence electron/group#] - [lone pair e- + bonding e-]
Term
FREE RADICALS
Definition
molecules that contain a central atom with an ODD # of valence e-...so they cannot have all their electrons in pairs. thus they are PARAMAGNETIC and are extremely REACTIVE
Term
EXPANDED VALENCE SHELLS
Definition
central nonmetal atom from PERIOD 3 or higher, expands shell to form more bonds
Term
AXmEn designation
Definition
m and n are integers; A is central atom; X is a surrounding atom; E is a nonbonding v.e- group(lone pair)
Term
EFFECT OF DOUBLE BONDS
Definition
the double bond, with its greater electron density, repels the two single bonds more strongly than they repel each other
Term
EFFECT OF LONE PAIRS
Definition
a lone pair repels bonding pairs more strongly than bonding pairs repel each other.
Term
do LEWIS STRUCTURES DEPICT SHAPE?
Definition
NO
Term
for similar molecules within a given electron-grp arrangement, electron-pair repulsions cause deviations from ideal bond angles in the following order:
Definition
lone pair-lone pair> lone pair-bonding pair> bonding pair-bonding pair
Term
DIPOLE MOMENT
Definition
the product of the partial charges and the distance between them
Term
when the compound CANCELS OUT it is:

when the compound DOES NOT CANCEL OUT:
Definition
NON POLAR

it is POLAR
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