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| Rules for balancing equations: |
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Definition
1. NEVER change subscripts
2. Place coefficient in front of the formula
3. There should be an equal number of a chemical's molecules on each side of the equation |
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Definition
| two or more substances react to form one product |
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Definition
| Substance produced when a combination reaction occurs between a metal and a nonmetal |
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Definition
| one substance undergoes a reaction to produce two or more other substances |
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Term
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Definition
- rapid reactions that produce a flame
- usually involve O2 as a reactant
- when hydrocarbons react with oxygen, the products formed are CO2 and H2O
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Definition
| similar to combustion reactions, but take place in a series of steps |
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Definition
| the sum of the atomic weights of each atom in its chemical formula |
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Term
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Definition
| formula weight of a molecule |
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Term
| Percentage composition of a compound |
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Definition
| the percentage by mass contributed by each element in the substance |
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Term
| Formula for the percent of an element |
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Definition
% element = (# of atoms in element) (atomic weight of element) ×100
formula weight of compund |
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Term
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Definition
- common unit for dealing with the number of atoms, ions, or molecules in a common sized sample
- the amount of matter that contains as many objects as 12g of isotopically pure carbon (6.0221421×1023)
- 1 mol samples of different substances will have different masses
- The mass of a single atom of an element (in amu) is numerically equal to the mass (in grams) of 1 mol of that element
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
- mass in grams of one mole of a substance (mass in g/mol)
- molar mass of a substance is always numerically equal to formula weight (in amu)
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Term
| Mole ratios in relation to empirical formulas |
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Definition
| the ratio of the number of moles of each element in a compound gives the subscripts in a compound's emipirical formula |
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Term
| Coefficients in a balanced chemical equation |
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Definition
| indicate both the relative number of molecules (or formula units) in the reaction AND the relative number of moles |
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Term
| Formula for percent yield |
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Definition
Percent yield = actual yield ×100%
theoretical yield |
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