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| The smallest unit of an element that still has the properties of that element, is made up of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons and electron shells containing electrons |
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| The number of protons in an atom |
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| A substance made up of atoms of two or more elements that are chemically combined |
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| A subatomic particle that orbits an atoms’ nucleus, has a negative electric charge, and has very little mass |
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| A substance made up of only 1 kind of atom |
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| A substance that conducts heat and electricity well, is malleable, ductile, shiny and rings when hit, found on the left hand side of the periodic table |
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| A subatomic particle that has the same mass as a proton, but has no electric charge |
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Definition
| A subatomic particle that has the same mass as a proton, but has no electric charge |
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Definition
| The centre of an atom, containing protons and neutrons |
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| A table that shows the elements arranged in order by their atomic number |
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| A subatomic particle that has a positive charge |
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| The starting materials in a chemical reaction |
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| The elements or compounds produced by a chemical reaction |
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| A way to describe a chemical reaction using chemical names and other symbols |
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| The group 1 metals, all have one electron in their outer shell and are very reactive |
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| The group 2 metals, all have 2 electrons in their outer shell and are quite reactive |
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| The pattern of electrons in the electron shells, eg: Ca 2,8,8,2 |
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| Occurs when there is a chemical reaction, new substances are formed. The change cannot be easily reversed. May get a permanent colour change, energy change, gas given off etc |
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| The change can be easily reversed, it is not permanent. Nothing new has been formed. May be a change in state or dissolving etc. |
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| An electron that is found in the outermost shell of an atom and determines the atoms chemical properties (how reactive it is) |
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| Group 18 (VIII) of the periodic table. All these elements have full outer shells and are not reactive |
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| Elements with 7 electrons in their outer valence shell, in Group 17 (VII) of the periodic table. Very reactive. |
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| Made by reacting Magnesium metal with hydrochloric acid. Tested with a lighted splint that gives a squeaky ‘pop’ |
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| Made by reacting manganese dioxide with hydrogen peroxide. Tested with a glowing splint which relights |
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| Made by reacting calcium carbonate with hydrochloric acid and bubbling the gas through limewater, which goes cloudy |
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| Burning, uses oxygen and a fuel, producing carbon dioxide and water |
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| Limited supply of oxygen. Carbon monoxide and carbon (soot) form instead of carbon dioxide |
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| Mass of the reactants = mass of the products |
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| A molecule is made up of two or more atoms (of the same element) bonded together eg: H2, O2, Cl2, S2 |
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