Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The smallest unit of carbohydrate, consisting of a single ring-shaped structure of carbon, hydrogen, and osygen with a 2:1 hydrogen to oxygen ratio |
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Term
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Definition
| A molecule composed of a chain of amino acids, this is a highly diverse groups of extremely important molecules |
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Term
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Definition
| Basic unit of matter, consists of a nucleus containing protons and nuetrons, orbited by electrons |
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Term
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Definition
A noncharged, subatomic particle present in the
nucleus of an atom |
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Term
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Definition
Bonds involving the sharing of electrons; may be
polar or nonpolar. |
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Term
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Definition
Weak bond in which a hydrogen atoms is bound
to one atom in a molecule but is attracted to
another; important in developing the 3-D structure
of molecules such as proteins |
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Term
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Definition
A molecule that dissolves in a solvent to produce
a solution |
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Term
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Definition
A molecule that dissociates (ionized) into a cation
other than the hydrogen ion and an anion other
than the hydroxyl ion |
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Term
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Definition
A molecule consisting of a nitrogenous base, a
pentose sugar, and one or more phosphate
groups; assemble into chains called nucleic acids |
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Term
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Definition
A fat containing 3 fatty acid side chains attached
to a glycerol |
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Term
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Definition
Having opposing positively and negatively
charged regions |
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Term
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Definition
The element in which atoms have one protein in
the nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
The building blocks of protein, consist of a central
carbon, a hydrogen, an amino group, a carboxyl
group and one of 20 side chains that provide
identity and chemical characteristics |
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Term
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Definition
The molecules that join together in chains to
produce RNA |
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Term
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Definition
| A negatively charged atom or molecule |
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Term
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Definition
| A carbohydrate composed of 3 monosaccharides |
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Term
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Definition
The modified pentose monosaccharide (missing
one oxygen) found in the nucleotides of DNA |
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Term
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Definition
A particle (atom or group of atoms) with a positive
charge |
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Term
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Definition
| A fluid in which a solute will dissolve |
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Term
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Definition
A molecule that dissociates into a hydroxyl anion
and any cation other than hydrogen; molecules
that bind hydrogen ions in an aqueous solution |
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Term
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Definition
A positively charges particle that is one
component of the atomic nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
Bond between two ions of opposite charges
(cation and anion |
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Term
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Definition
A nonpolar organic molecule composed of carbon,
hydrogen, and oxygen, such as triglycerides,
eicosanoids, and steroids |
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Term
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Definition
The combining capacity of an atom, determined
by the number of electrons in the outermost
energy level |
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Term
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Definition
A group of atoms bound together, the smallest
possible amount of a compound |
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Term
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Definition
A molecule that consumes a strong acid or base
and produces a weak acid or base in its place |
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Term
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Definition
| One or more solutes plus a solvent |
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Term
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Definition
| Chains of nucleotides as in DNA and RNA |
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Term
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Definition
A negatively charged particle that orbits the
nucleus of an atom |
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Term
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Definition
| Proteins that catalyze chemical reactions |
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Term
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Definition
A molecule that ionizes into a hydrogen cation
and some anion other than a hydroxyl |
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