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| A chemical change produces substances that have new and different properties |
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| A chemical combination of two or more substances. |
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| Properties of a compound are different than the properties of the substances it is made of. |
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| Chemical bonds are formed by the electrical attraction between atoms. |
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| The ratio in which atoms are bonded together in a compound is shown by a chemical formula. |
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| A ratio is a comparison of numbers. For example in a water molecule there are 2 Hydrogen atoms to 1 atom of Oxygen. So the ratio is 2:1. |
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| What are the types of chemical bonds? |
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| How do Covalent bonds form? |
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| The atoms share electrons |
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| Covalent bonds may form... |
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| between atoms of the same element or between different elements. |
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| They bond by giving up or losing an electron to another atom. |
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| A particle that has unequal numbers of protons and electrons is an ion. |
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| When sodium ions and chloride ions join through ionic bond the compound sodium chloride (salt) is formed. |
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| Two separate things join together to make a new compound in a synthesis or process reaction. |
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| A complex substance breaks apart into simpler substances in a decomposition reaction. |
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| One element replaces another element in a replacement reaction. |
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| Types of Chemical Reactions |
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| Decomposition and replacement reactions |
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| The new substances produced through a chemical reaction are called products. |
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| A way of describing a substance by how it reacts to other substances is a Chemical Property |
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| In an atom that has not bonded protons equal ______ |
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| The reaction of a substance is determined by what? |
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| How a substance reacts is determined by the substance itself and where it lies on the periodic table. |
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| A molecule is a group of bonded atoms that act like a single particle. |
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| The molecules of any substance are all _____. |
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| Bitter Taste is one common property of _____. |
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| In the presence of a base, red litmus paper turns _______. |
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| How does Litmus paper work? |
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| Litmus changes color when exposed to an acidic or basic solution. |
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| Chemical reactions that give off heat are said to be exothermic. |
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| Chemical reactions that absorb energy are said to be endothermic. |
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| Examples of endothermic reactions? |
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| Baking bread, melting ice cubes and photosynthesis are examples of endothermic reactions. |
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| Examples of exothermic reactions |
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| Burning coal, a candle flame and making ice cubes are examples of exothermic reactions. |
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| If an atom takes an electron from another atom what type of bond is formed? |
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| If two atoms share electrons what type of bond is formed? |
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| Which type of bond is stronger Ionic or Covalent? |
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| H2O has how many Hydrogen atoms? |
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| If an atom has 23 electrons, how many protons does it have? |
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| If an atom takes an electron from another atom when bonding, what charge does it have? |
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| If an atom loses an electron when bonding what charge will it have? |
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| The electrons in the outer shell of an atom |
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| Electrons that are involved in bonding are the_________ |
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| The number of valence electrons can be identified for main group elements by looking at their ____________ number |
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| Carbon is located in column four on the periodic table. How many valence electrons does carbon have? |
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