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Chem. Ch. 4-5 Vocab
Ionic and Covalent Bonds
20
Chemistry
11th Grade
11/08/2011

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Term
octet rule
Definition
The model of chemical stability that states that atoms become stable by having eight electrons in their outer energy level except for some of the smallest atoms.
Term
inorganic compound
Definition
A compound that does not contain carbon.
Term
organic compound
Definition
A compound that contains carbon.
Term
allotrope
Definition
Any of two or more molecules of a single element that have different crystalline or molecular structures.
Term
hygroscopic
Definition
A substance that absorbs water molecules from the air to become a hydrate.
Term
anhydrous
Definition
A compound in which all water has been removed, usually by heating.
Term
hydrate
Definition
A compound in which there is a specific ratio of water to ionic compound.
Term
polyatomic ion
Definition
An ion that consists of two or more different elements.
Term
oxidation number
Definition
The charge on an ion or an element.
Term
formula unit
Definition
The simplest ratio of ions in a compound.
Term
binary compound
Definition
A compound that contains only two elements.
Term
electrolyte
Definition
Any compound that conducts electricity when melted or dissolved in water.
Term
molecule
Definition
An uncharged group of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds.
Term
covalent compound
Definition
A compound whose atoms are held together by covalent bonds.
Term
covalent bond
Definition
The attraction of two atoms for a shared pair of electrons.
Term
crystal
Definition
A regular, repeating arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in three dimensions.
Term
ionic bond
Definition
The strong attractive force between ions of opposite charge.
Term
ion
Definition
An atom or group of combined atoms that has a charge because of the loss or gain of electrons.
Term
ionic compound
Definition
A compound comprised of ions.
Term
noble gas configuration
Definition
The state of an atom achieved by having the same valence electron configuration as a noble gas atom.
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