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| An explanation of observations (using something you can't see to understand something you can). |
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| Summary of observations - mathematical formula. Does not seek to explain something. |
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| a pure substance that cannot be broken down chemically |
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| a pure substance consisting of at least two elements combined chemically. |
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| heterogeneous mixture, or solution |
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| a physical combination of elements/compounds unevenly distributed |
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| a physical combination of elements/compounds evenly distributed ; largest particles are atoms or molecules |
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| examples of gaseous solutions |
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| examples of liquid solutions |
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| saltwater, sugar water, gasoline, rubbing alcohol |
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| examples of solid solutions |
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| mxtures of metals (alloys) - steel, brass, bronze |
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| adding a solvent to remove a component from a mixture |
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| solid sand will not pass through; dry out the sand, and evaporate water from the salt (evaporation) |
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1. All matter consists of tiny indivisible particles, called atoms.
2. Atoms of a given element are identical.
4. Atoms cannot be created nor destroyed in chemical reactions. |
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| Who proposed the Plum Pudding Model |
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| Atomic weight is at the top, and the atomic number is at the bottom. |
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| What are atomic weights based off of? |
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| Atomic number is equal to |
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| the number of protons in its nucleus. |
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| What are the elements that are abundant on planet earth? |
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| O, Si, Al, Fe; Oxygen, Silicon, Aluminum, and Iron. |
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| What are are the elements that are abundant in the human body? |
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| O, C, H, N; Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen |
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| What is Group 1 of the period table referred to as? |
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| What is Group 2 of the period table referred to as? |
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| What is Group 7 of the period table referred to as? |
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| What is Group 8 of the period table referred to as? |
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| Where are the transition metals located? |
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| Where are the metals located? |
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| Where are the nonmetals located? |
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| Where are the metalloids located? |
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| in between metals and nonmetals in properties and location on the table. |
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| Which elements are the metalloids? |
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| B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, and Te. Baron, Silicon, Germanium, Arsenic, Lead, and Tellurium. |
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| What are the properties of metals? |
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- Shiny
- good conductors of heat and electricity
- malleable
- ductile
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| What are the natural states of the elements? |
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- Most elements are solid at room temperature.
- 2 are liquid.
- Rest are gases.
- Some elements occur in physically different forms called Allotropes, because the atoms of the element are bonded in different ways.
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| What are the seven elements that exist as diatomic molecules? |
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Br, I, N, Ce, H, O, F
Bromine, Iodine, Nitrogen, Cesium, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine
BrInCeHoF |
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| a n atom (or group of atoms) with a charge; happens when an atom gains or loses electrons. |
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| an atom loses electrons and becomes positive in charge; metals tend to form cations. |
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| If an atom gains electrons, it becomes negatively charged. Nonmetals tend to form anions. |
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| Equation for converting Fahrenheit to Celsius |
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| Equation for converting Kelvin to Celsius |
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