Term
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Definition
| molecular weight (neutrons and protons) on the left, charge on the right |
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Term
| why are atomic masses not exact numbers? |
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Definition
| atom masses are listed int he periodic table as weighted averages of isotopic masses |
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Term
| for a substance to be considered a strong electrolyte, it must |
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Definition
| dissociate virtually completely into its ions in solution |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| element -> relative mass -> relative # moles -> divide by smallest |
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Term
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Definition
-2 electron domains
-predicted angle bonds: 180 degrees
-looks like a bowtie |
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Term
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Definition
| a property that a substance possesses if it contains one or more unpaired electrons. A paramagnetic substance is drawn into a magnetic field |
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Term
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Definition
| - a type of magnetism that causes a substance with no unpaired electrons to be weakly repelled from a magnetic field |
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Definition
-3 electron domains
-predicted angle bonds: 120 degrees
-looks like a propeller |
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Term
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Definition
-4 electron domains
-predicted angle bonds: 109.5 degrees
-looks like a tripod |
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Term
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Definition
-5 electron domains
-predicted angle bonds: 120 and 90 degrees
-three around, one going up, one going down |
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Term
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Definition
-6 electron domains
-predicted angle bonds: 90 degrees
-four around, one going down, one going up |
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Term
| molecular geometry-linear electron domain geometry |
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Definition
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Term
| molecular geometry-trigonal planar electron domain geometry |
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Definition
-trigonal planar
-bent
-pair of electrons on the top |
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Term
| molecular geometry-tetrahedral electron domain geometry |
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Definition
-tetrahedral
-trigonal pyramidal
-pair of electrons on the top
-bent
-one pair of electrons on the top
-one pair of electrons on the bottom set of domains |
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Term
| molecular geometry-trigonal bipyramidal electron domain geometry |
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Definition
-trigonal bipyramidal
-seesaw
-one pair of electrons in the middle
-T-shaped
-two pairs of electrons in the middle
-linear
-three pairs of electrons in the middle |
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Term
| molecular geometry-octahedral electron domain geometry |
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Definition
-octahedral
-square pyramidal
-one pair of electrons on the bottom
-square planar
-one pair of electrons on the top
-one pair of electrons on the bottom |
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Term
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Definition
-atomic orbital set: s,p
-hybrid orbital set: two sp |
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Term
| trigonal planar orbital geometry |
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Definition
-atomic orbital set: s,p,p
-hybrid orbital set: sp2 |
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Term
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Definition
-atomic orbital set: s,p,p,p
-hybrid orbital set: sp3 |
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Term
| trigonal bipyramidal orbital sets |
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Definition
-atomic orbital set: s,p,p,p,d
-hybrid orbital set: sp3d |
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Term
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Definition
-atomic orbital set: s,p,p,p,d,d
-hybrid orbital set: sp3d2 |
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Term
| all act like a single spatial region of high electron density |
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Definition
| single bond, double bond, triple bond, lone electron pairs |
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Term
| determine molecular shapes with the electronic geometry arranged such that the repulsions are minimized |
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Definition
| repulsions among valance shell electron pairs |
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Term
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Definition
| an equation of state from gases that embodies Boyle’s law, Charles’ law, and Avogadro’s hypothesis in the form PV=nRT |
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Term
| Dalton's law of partial pressures |
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Definition
| a law stating that total pressure of a mixture of gases is the sum of the pressures that each gas would exert if it were present alone |
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Term
| Grahams law of diffussion |
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Definition
| a law stating that the rate of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molecular weight |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
a. molecules in a gas are far apart they interact very little with each other except near the temperature and pressure at which the gas liquefies
b. gas molecule move at high velocities in straight lines, when they do collide with something the collisions are elastic (no net gain or loss of energy)
c. average kinetic energy of gaseous molecules is proportional to the temperature on the Kelvin scale |
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Term
| understand the deviations from the ideal gas law at high pressure and low temperature (attractive forces and molecular volume) |
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Definition
| real gases near the temperature and pressure needed to liquefy the ideal gas law doesn’t work |
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Term
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Definition
| atoms on the corners of the cube |
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Term
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Definition
-atoms on the corners of the cube
-one in the middle |
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Term
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Definition
atoms on the corners of the cube
-one in the middle
-one in the middle on each side |
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Term
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Definition
-very high melting point
-doesn’t conduct electricity
-each carbon atom is bonded tetrahedrally to four other carbon
atoms |
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Term
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Definition
-high melting point
-can conduct electricity in one direction -> between planes
-carbon atoms are bonded in trigonal planar geometries to three other carbons to form interconnected hexagonal rings |
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