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| consists of an organized chemical system, including many specialized molecules surrounded by a membrane. It is the lowest level of biological organization that can survive and reproduce as long as it has access to a usable energy source, the necessary raw materials, and appropriate environmental conditions |
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| characteristics that depend on the level of organization of matter, but do not exist at lower levels of organization. Ex- life |
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| single cell organisms such as bacteria and protozoans |
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| many plants and animals, their cells live in tightly coordinated groups and are so interdependent that they cant survive on their own |
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| group of unicellular or multicellular organisms of the same kind that live together in the same place. Have emergent properties that don't exist at lower levels of organization |
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| all populations of different organisms that live in the same place. |
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| group of communites interacting with their shared physical environment. |
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| DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) |
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| the most fundamental and important molecule that distinguishes living systems from nonliving matter. Large, double stranded helical molecule that contains instructions for assembling a libing organism from simpler molecules |
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| all regions of earths crust, waters, and atmosphere that sustain life. |
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| molecular building blocks are arranged differently in each of these organisms, producing difference in their appearence and function |
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| information in DNA is copies into molecules of RNA, which direct the production of different protein molecules |
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| proteins carry our most of the activities of life, including the sunthesis of all other biological molecules |
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| descries the ability of a cell or organism to extract energy from its surroundings and use that energy to maintain itself, grow, and reproduce |
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| process in which electromagnetic energy in sunlight is absorbed and converted into chemical energy. uses sunlight to build sugar molecules form carbon dioxide and water, releasing oxygen as a by product of the reaction |
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| uses oxygen to break down sugar molecules, releheasing their chemical energy and making it available for other metabolic processes. |
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| are the primary producers of the food on which all other organisms rely |
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| animals that directly or indirectly feed on complex molecules manufactured by plants |
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| feed on the remains of dead organisms, breaking down complex biological molecules into simpler raw materials, which may then be recycled by the producers. Ex-bacteria and fungi |
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| some energy that photosynthetic organisms trap from sunlight flows within and between populations, communities, and ecosystems. Biological processes arent 100% efficient, so some energy is lost as heat |
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| Carbon and nitrogen ___ in an ecosystem |
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| cycle between living organisms and nonlibing components of the biosphere, to be used again and again |
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| molecules or larger structures located on individual cells and body surfaces that are able to detect changes in external and internal conditions. When stimulated, they trigger reactions that produce a compensating response |
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| a steady internal condition maintained by responses that compensate for changes in the external environment. all organisms have mechanisms to maintain homeostasis in relation to temperature, blood chemistry, etc |
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| the process in whcih parents produce offspring |
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| transmission of DNA from on generation to the next |
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| a series of programed changes encoded in DNA through which a fertilized egg divides into many cells that ultimately are transformed into an adult, which is itself capable of reproduction |
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| the sequential stages through which individuals develop, grow, maintain themselves, and reproduce |
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| populations of all organisms change from one generation to the next bc some individuals experience changes in their DNA and they pass those modified instructions along to their offspring |
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| what are the 3 things known about the evolutionary process |
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1-all populations change through time
2-all organisms are related through a shared ancestry
3-evolution has produced the spectacular diversity we have now |
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| the and selection of traits wanted in a species |
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| natural process of the passage of traits |
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| a group of populations in which the individuals are so closely related in structure, biochemsitry, and behavior that they can interbreed |
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| group of similar species that share common ancestry |
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| exhibit a relatively simple organization of DNA and cell structures, no nucleus, bacteria and archae are prokaryotes |
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| dna enclosed in a nucleus, specialized internal compartments (organelles) hold structures as well |
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| live as producers or decomposers. have some structural molecules and mechanisms of photosynthesis that are unique and found only in this domain |
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| live as producers or decomposers. inhabit extreme environments, distinguished by some structural molecules and by a primitive form of photosynthesis that are unique to their domain |
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| diverse group of single and multi-cellular eukaryotic species. |
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| multicellular organisms, carry ut photosynthesis, producers |
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| varied groups of unicellular and multicellular species,most are decomposers that break down and absorb molecules from dead organisms; |
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| multicellular organisms that live as consumers by ingesting organisms in all 3 domans. motility is a key function |
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| search for explanatiins about natural phenomena to satify their own curiostiy and to advance our collective knowledge of living systems |
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| research for the goal of solving a specific problem |
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