Term
| The human brain weighs about and is made up of _______________. |
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Definition
| 1.4 kg (~3 lbs) ; 10^12 neurons |
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Term
| It is ___ with different regions having _________. The glial cell type involved in barriers and compartmentalization. |
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Definition
| compartmentalized; different functions; ependymal |
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Term
| What is the largest region of the brain? It is the ____________. |
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Definition
| Cerebrum; center of higher brain functions |
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Term
| The three parts of the brain that play a part in embryonic development of the CNS. Name the parts of each. |
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Definition
| Forebrain (cerebrum and diencephalon); Midbrain (midbrain); Hindbrain (medulla, oblongata, pons, and cerebellum). |
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Term
| Most of the higher brain functions take place __________. |
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Definition
| within the cerebral cortex |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| The outer layer of the cerebrum. How thick is it? |
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Definition
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Term
| The cerebral cortex is divided in to: |
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Definition
| the right and left hemispheres |
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Term
| The four lobes of the cortex: |
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Definition
| frontal, parietel, temporal, occipital |
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Term
| The cortex is divided into three general categories by _______. What are they? |
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Definition
| Function; sensory areas, motor areas, association areas |
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Term
| Receive and interpret sensory impulses; mostly posterior to central sulcus |
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Definition
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Term
| Control muscle movements; primarily anterior portions of two himispheres |
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Definition
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Term
| Memory, emotions, resoning, will, judgment...higher brain functions |
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Definition
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Term
| The sensory areas receive and interpret sensory impluses; mostley _______ to the _________. |
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Definition
| posterior; central sulcus |
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Term
| Motor areas control muscle movements; primarily where? |
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Definition
| anterior portions of two hemispheres |
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Term
| The primary motor cortex is part of what lobe? Where is it located? What is it's function? |
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Definition
| Frontal; precentral gyrus in the frontal lobe; voluntary contractions of specific muscles |
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Term
| The motor association cortex is part of what lobe? Where is it located and what is its function? |
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Definition
| Frontal; anterior to primary motor area; communicate with the primary motor area and other regions of the brain (thalamus, etc); controls learned, complex skilled movements and serves as a memory bank for those skills. |
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Term
| Where is the Motor speech cortex located and what is its function? What is its nickname? |
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Definition
| frontal lobe-one side only usually left; production of speech (motor area); broca's area |
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Term
| The translation of speech into thought and thought into speech involves integration of : |
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Definition
| all language areas and hearing primary and association areas. |
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Term
| Where is the primary somatosensory area located and what is its function? |
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Definition
| post central gyrus in the parietal lobe; receives sensory impulses from receptors for pain, touch, temperature, and proprioception |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the primary visual cortex located, what is its function, and what is its nickname? |
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Definition
| medial portion of occipital lobe; receives impules from the thalamic nuclei after the area has synapsed with optic nerves; information received on color, shape, and movement of visual stimuli; visual cortex |
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Term
| Where is the visual association area located and what is its function? |
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Definition
| occipital lobe, anterior to primary area; receives sensory impulses from primary visual area and evaluates what is seen and compares to past experience |
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Term
| Where is the primary auditory cortex located and what is its function? |
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Definition
| superior portion of temporal lobe; interprets basic characteristics of sound: pitch and rhythm |
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Term
| What areas are located in the frontal lobe? parietal lobe? occipital lobe? temporal lobe? |
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Definition
| primary motor cortex, motor assocation cortex, motor speech cortex; primary somatosensory area; primary visual area, visual association area; primary auditory area, Auditory association area |
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Term
| Where is the auditory assocation area located, what is its function, and what is its nickname? |
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Definition
| temporal lobe; inferior and posterior to primary area one lobe only, usually left; determines if sound is speech, music or noise; receives impulses from primary area; helps translate words into thoughs; wernicke's area |
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Term
The cerebral is divided into the:
note: most sensory and motor fibers cross at the level of the ______so that cortical control of the left side is facilitated by the ____ and vise versa. |
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Definition
| right and left brain; brain stem; right |
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Term
| What makes up the diencephalon and where is it located? |
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Definition
| the thalamus and hypothalamus and lateral geniculate nucleus and posterior pituitary; below the cerebrum |
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Term
| Most of the diencephalon: ____ oval masses of _________ - form ____ of the _______; organized into ______(clusters of ______ within _______) |
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Definition
| two; gray matter; wall; 3rd ventricle; nuclei; cell bodies; CNS |
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Term
| The Thalamus acts as a ______ for sensory impluses on their way from the spinal cord, cerebellum, brain stem, to the cortex. Crude appreciation for some of the sensations, relies on the _______centers for interpretation of this sensory information; some rle in ____. |
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Definition
| relay station; cortical; cognition |
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Term
| Where is the hypothalamus located, what is it s function and what is it stimulated by? |
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Definition
| inferior to the thalamus; major regulator of homeostasis; info from the cerebrum, brain stem, spinal cord, or by the chemical namture of the blood |
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Term
| Although the hypothalamus makes up less than __ percent of total brain volue, it has tremendous influence and importance. It influences: and contains centers for : |
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Definition
| 1; many endocrine reflexes, autonomic reflexes, eating, drinking; temperature regulation, control of blood osmolarity, stress, reproduction, growth |
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Term
| The cerebrum and diencephalon make up the : |
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Definition
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Term
| The best known hypothalamic pathway is its involvement in mediating the _________. Sweaty palms, fast heart beat, increased blood pressure, are all mediated by the hypothalamus. |
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Definition
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