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| What are the four moons of jupiter? |
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| io, europa, ganymede, callisto |
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| what is the most active moon? |
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| Io has a lot of ____on its surface. |
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| What two moons of jupiter are very similar? |
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| ____'s most obcious feature is a huge series of concentric ridges surrounding two large basins. |
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| Which moon has an atmosphere that is thicker and denser than earth's? |
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| Why does Titan have a thick atmosphere when Ganymede and Callisto do not? |
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| Titan has a much lower temperature than the other moons |
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| What is the smallest of the large moons? |
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| ___is the onlyy large jovian moon not to orbit in its parent planet's equatorial plane. |
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| Describe Saturn's ring system. |
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| three sings-A,B, and C rings. The A ring lies farthest from the planet and its separated from the B and C rings by a gap called the Cassinni division. A smaller gap known as the Encke Gap is found on the outer part of the A ring |
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| Which ring on saturn is brightest? |
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| the crtical distance inside which he moon is destrroyed |
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| there is an F ring outside the A ring and it has two small moons orbiting around it that give it such a weird design. what are these two small moon called? |
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| when a planet passes in front of a bright star and momentarily dims the star's light |
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| What is the name of Pluto's satellite? |
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| the _____is by far teh largest satellite to object mass ratio in the solar system. |
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| in total, what are the three moons of pluto? |
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| icy dwarf planets beyond neptune would collectively be known as _____. |
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| What are the zones of the sun? |
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| photosphere, chromosphere, transition zone, corona, solar wind, convection zone, radiation zone |
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| The part of the sun that emits the radiation we see is called the _____. |
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| Just above the photosphere is the Sun's lower atmosphere, called the _____. |
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| Above the chromosphere lies a region called the _____where the temperatures rise dramatically. |
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| a thin, hot upper atmosphere on the sun is the ______. |
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| a thin, hot upper atmosphere on the sun is the ______. |
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| The corona turns into the ____which flows away from the Sun and permeates teh entire solar system. |
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| A region where the material of the sun is in constant convective motion: |
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| know the order of the zones of the sun |
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| below the convection zone lies the _____where solar energy is transported toward the surface by radian rather than convection. |
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| The ____is the site of powerful nuclear fusion reactions that generate the Sun's enormous energy output |
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| what is the luminosity of the sun |
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| the solar wind esapes mostly through solar "windows" called _____. |
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| a spot or patch appearing on the sun's surface, appear from time to time |
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| What is the sunspot cycle? |
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| the average number of spots reaches a maximum every eleven years |
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| The eleven year sunspot cycle is only half of a 22 year _____, the period needed for both the average number of spots and the Sun's overall magnetic polarity to repeat themselves. |
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| in the proton-proton chain, a total of six protons (and two electrons) are converted to two protons, one helium-4 nucleus, and two neutrinos. The two leftover protons are available as fuel for new proton-proton reactions, so the net effect is tha tfour protons are fused to form one helium-4 nucleus. Energy in the form of gamma rays is produced at each stages. |
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| massless particles that are produced in the proton-proton chain and escape from the sun |
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| the distances to the nearest stars can be measured using ____. |
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| When we observe a star, we not its luminosity but rather its ____, the amount of energy striking unit area of some light-sensitive surface or device such as a human eye or a CCD chip per unit time. |
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| the star's apparent brightness is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the star |
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| a measure of apparent brightness |
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| what are the spectral classes and how are they organized? |
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| OBAFGKM...in order of decreasing temperature |
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| luminous, large, cool stars |
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| the process of using stellar spectra to infer distances is called _____. |
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| if the distance to a visual binary is known then the orbits of each component can be individually tracked and the masses of the components can be determined |
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