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Chapters 6 and 7 Geometry Vocab
Chapters 6 and 7
63
Mathematics
8th Grade
07/13/2011

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Term
Right Angle
Definition
Exactly 90 degrees
Term
Acute Angle
Definition
Less that 90 degrees
Term
Obtuse Angle
Definition
Greater than 90 degrees but less than 180 degrees
Term
Straight Angle
Definition
Exactly 180 degrees
Term
Vertical Angle
Definition
Opposite angles formed by intersecting lines. Vertical angles are congruent.
Term
Adjacent Angle
Definition
Have the same vertex, share a common side, and do not overlap.
Term
Complementary Angle
Definition
The sum of the two angles is 90 degrees.
Term
Supplementary Angles
Definition
The sum of the angles is 180 degrees.
Term
Perpendicular Lines
Definition
Intersect at right angles.
Term
Parallel Lines
Definition
Never intersect
Term
Transversal
Definition
A line that intersects two or more other lines.
Term
Triangle
Definition
A figure formed by three line segments that intersect only at their endpoints.
Term
Acute Triangle
Definition
Three acute angles.
Term
Obtuse Triangle
Definition
One obtuse angle.
Term
Right Triangle
Definition
One right angle
Term
Scalene Triangle
Definition
No congruent sides.
Term
Isosceles Triangle
Definition
At least two congruent sides.
Term
Equilateral Triangle
Definition
Three sides congruent.
Term
Pythagorean Theorem
Definition

In a right triangle, the square of the length of the hypotenuse c is equal to the sum of the squares of the lengths of the legs a and b.

 

a2+b2=c2

Term
Quadrilateral
Definition
A polygon that has 4 sides and 4 angles
Term
Trapezoid
Definition
A quadrilateral with one pair of parallel opposite sides.
Term
Parallelogram
Definition
A quadrilateral with both pairs of opposite sides parallel and congruent.
Term
Rectangle
Definition
Parallelogram with 4 right angles.
Term
Rhombus
Definition
A parallelogram with 4 congruent sides.
Term
Square
Definition
A parallelogram with 4 congruent sides and 4 right angles.
Term
Polygon
Definition
A closed figure formed by three or more line segments
Term
Congruent Polygon
Definition
Polygons that have the same size and shape.
Term
Line of symmetry
Definition
The fold line in a figure that has line symmetry.
Term
Line Symmetry
Definition
When a figure can be folded over a line so that one half of the figure matches the other half.
Term
Rotational Symmetry
Definition
A figure that can be rotated or turned less than 360 degrees about its center so that the figure looks exactly as it does in its original position.
Term
Angle of Rotation
Definition
The degree measure of the angle through which the figure is rotated.
Term
Reflection
Definition
The mirror image produced by flipping a figure over a line.
Term
Line of Reflection
Definition
The line a figures is flipped over in a reflection.
Term
Transformation
Definition
Mapping of a geometric figure.
Term
Translation
Definition
The movement of a figure to one position to another without turning it (slide).
Term
Rotation
Definition
A transformation involving the turning or spinning of a figure around a fixed point.
Term
Center of Rotation
Definition
THe point in which a figure is rotated around.
Term
Angle of Rotation
Definition
The degree measure of the angle through which a figure is rotated.
Term
Base
Definition
Any side of a parallelogram
Term
Altitude
Definition
The height of a parallelogram. It is a line segment that is perpendicular to the base with endpoints on the base and the side opposite the base.
Term
Circle
Definition
A set of points in a plane that are the same distance from any given point in the plane.
Term
Center
Definition
The given point in which all points on a circle are the same distance.
Term
Radius
Definition
The distance from the center to any point on the circle.
Term
Diameter
Definition
The distance across the circle through the center.
Term
Circumference
Definition
The distance around the circle.
Term
Pi
Definition
The ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter. 3.1415926.... or just 3.14.
Term
Complex Figure
Definition
A figure made up of two or more shapes.
Term
Plane
Definition
 A two-dimensional flat surface that extends in all directions.
Term
Solid
Definition
A three dimensional figure formed by intersecting planes.
Term
Polyhedron
Definition
A solid with flat surfaces that are polygons.
Term
Edge
Definition
The intersection of planes on a three dimensional figure.
Term
Face
Definition
A flat surface (side) on a three dimensional figure.
Term
Vertex
Definition
Where three of more planes intersect at a point on a three dimensional figure.
Term
Prism
Definition
A polyhedron with two parallel, congruent faces.
Term
Pyramid
Definition
A polyhedron with one base that is a polygon and faces that are triangles.
Term
Volume
Definition
The measure of space occupied by a solid. units3
Term
Cylinder
Definition
A solid whose bases are congruent, parallel circles, connected with a curved side.
Term
Complex Solids
Definition
A solid made up of more than one solid.
Term
Cone
Definition
A three-dimensional figure with one circular base. A curved surface connects the base and the vertex.
Term
Surface Area
Definition
The total area (find the sum) of all of the faces.
Term
Lateral Face
Definition
The triangular sides of a pyramid.
Term
Slant Height
Definition
The altitude or height of each lateral face.
Term
Lateral Area
Definition
The sum of the areas of the lateral faces.
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