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| made primarily of carbon atoms, forms four covalent bonds with atoms of other elements, tends to bond with itself |
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| clusters of atoms, influence the characteristics of the molecules they compose and the chemical reactions the molecules undergo |
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| carbon compounds made from smaller, simpler molecules |
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| a molecule that consists of repeated, linked units |
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large polymers
example: lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids |
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| monomers link to form polymers through this chemical reaction, each time a monomer is added to a polymer a water molecule is released |
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| water is used to break down a polymer, the reverse of a condensation reaction |
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| adenosine triphosphate (ATP) |
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| makes energy availible to cells, stores large amounts of energy |
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| organic compounds composed of carbor, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ration of 1C:2H:1O, serve as either a source of energy or structural material |
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monomer of carbohydrate, simple sugar, ratio 1:2:1
examples: glucose, fructose, and galactose |
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| two monosaccharides combine in a condensation reaction to form a double sugar |
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| complex molecule composed of three or more monosaccharides |
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| organic compounds composed mainly of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; formed from the linkage amino acids |
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