Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Chapters 2,3,4
Soc 1A
46
Sociology
Undergraduate 1
02/21/2017
Click here to study/print these flashcards.

Create your own flash cards! Sign up here.

Additional Sociology Flashcards

 

 

Cards

Term
Chapter Two: Part One:

F. Unobtrusive measures:
 Definition
•Written/print documents.
•Tv ads.
•Historical/ comparative analysis.
•Other Creative ways.
Hidden way of studying people/ to get accurate results.
•If people knew they were being studied would act differently.
Term
IV. Ethics in doing sociological research:
 Definition
•Don’t fake the results.
•Don’t steal others works.
•Don’t bring harm.
•Protect anonymity.
•Do not force others to take the survey.
o What is ethical/what being unethical?
Term
Chapter 3 Part One: Culture:
 Definition
Term
What’s culture?
 Definition
Culture= language, beliefs, values, norms, behaviors, and material objects passed down b/w generations. (Henslin 2007)
e.g. Clothing/makeup/gestures.
Term
Values
 Definition
Group views of what is accepted/what is not accepted.
Term
Objects
 Definition
Buildings/steel concrete/adobe.
Term
II. Sociology
 Definition
We usually see our own ways/culture/gestures/as normal/natural.
Term
Ethnocentrism
 Definition
Ways of seeing oneself.
Term
 Definition
• Everything we do is normal.
•Tend to see our ways as right/proper/superior.
•Use own culture to judge.
Term
 Definition
• (+) = Creates group loyalty. Connects members together.
• (-) = Can cause discrimination.
o Ex: Kids move to another school.
o People who are ethnocentric tend to be:
Rural
Uneducated.
•=needed exposure
Term
B. We experience culture shock:
 Definition
•When in a group/culture that differs from our own.
•Guilty/wrong if different.
•Others do it incorrectly.
•Ex: Europe: Drive on the wrong side of the road. Misconceptions.
Term
C. Practice
 Definition
Cultural relativism:
o See others as different
Term
III. Characteristics of Culture
 Definition
Term
A. Culture is learned:
 Definition
•Taught how to act=socialization.
•Norms of society.
Term
B. Material/Non-material cultures
 Definition
Term
1. Material culture:
 Definition
•Physical/material things. Things of culture.
Term
2. Non-material culture: Symbolic culture
 Definition
•Beliefs, values, patterns of behavior, how one thinks.
•Symbolic culture.
o Symbol: Attach meaning to it/use it to communicate.
Term
IV. Nonmaterial/Symbolic Culture: more info:
 Definition
Term
A. Parts/ Components of Symbolic Culture:
 Definition
Term
1. Gestures:
 Definition
•Parts of the body used to communicate.
•Learned/In place of add to language.
Term
2. Language:
 Definition
•A system of symbols that can be put together in different ways to communicate an abstract thought. (Henslin 2007)
•Each word=a symbol.
Term
 Definition
o A sound/ A meaning.
o Let’s culture exist. (passed down)
o(-) = don’t share it, misunderstood/ frustration.
Words used/ different meanings.
•Ex: Different words; Chippe-Prostitute.
Term
3. Values, norms, sanctions=
 Definition
Term
A. Values=
 Definition
o What is desirable?
o Cultural standards of good/bad/beautiful.
o E. G. 6 pillars of character.
Term
B. Norms:
 Definition
•What is acceptable?
•What is appropriate?
•What is expected?
o Expectations/rules of behavior.
Term
i). pre-scriptive norm=
 Definition
•What is appropriate? Acceptable?
o Should do?
Ex: Obey the speed limit.
Term
ii.) pro-scriptive norm=
 Definition
•What is inappropriate?
•Shouldn’t?
o Ex: Not go over the speed limit.
Term
A. sanctions:
 Definition
•Responses/ reactions for follow/breaking norm.
o Messages of approval
Term
Positive sanction
 Definition
•Message of approval for following norm.
•Conform to norm.
Term
Negative sanction
 Definition
•Message of disapproval for breaking norm/not following.
o Violate the norm.
Punishment.
o Ex: Workplace (+): Promotion, raise, recognition.
(-) = Warnings, suspension, fired.
Term
ii) Folkways and mores
 Definition
Folkways:
•Not strictly enforced.
o Ex: Male not wearing a shirt.
Term
 Definition
Mores: Is a big deal/strong/strictly enforced.
•Steal a car- criminal actions. One groups Folkway can be another groups More.
Term
Taboo:
 Definition
•Norm so strong/to break is horrible/huge/severe punishment.
o Ex: Incest/ Domestic violence/abuse/Cannibalism.
Term
Subcultures:
 Definition
•World within a larger dominant culture.
•Culture patterns different from the rest of mainstream society.
oEx: Teenagers: Language; gap between child and parent. Ethnic groups, occupational groups.
o Norms by age: How to dress/language.
o Not always about ethnicity for subcultures.
Term
VI. United States/Culture
 Definition
A. U.S.= Pluralistic Society.
-Many different groups.
B. Core U.S. values (Robin Williams)
-Shared by dominant/some sub-cultures.
-Values: Seen as desirable.
Term
1. Achievement and Success:
 Definition
-Outdoing/out done others.
-Individual/personal achievement.
e.g. employee of the month.
-Given trophies/ceremonies/attendance/dean’s list/honor society.
-Ribbons for 1st place.
-Representing their country-Olympics.
Term
2. Individualism:
 Definition
-Success due to individual efforts.
-e.g: worked hard/right choices?
-failure? = poverty= person failed.
-Focused on money.
Term
3. Science/Technology:
 Definition
-Applied Science (Control nature.)
-Developed new technology.
I.e. Technological race.
i.e cell phones.
Term
4. Progress
 Definition
Fast technological progress/changes.
-Latest/present=better.
-(Newer is better).
-If you have something old, why don’t you have this?
Term
 Definition
Ex: Sonata ad:
• Boxy tvs/thin tvs= featherweight.
• Cameras typewriters/dating/movies/record players=old.
• Sonata= New; Newer is better.
o Running a race on a unicycle/old tvs/ old cell phones=Large bulky.
o Silent films.
• Exercise vibrate belts= shake off weight.
o Theme: Why settle, if we did, progress would not have been made.
o All old things gap at innovation.
Term
5. Material comfort:
 Definition
-Expect high level.
-Excess of things.
-Money/things= success.
Term
Nickelback rockstar ex:
 Definition
• Materialistic.
• Core values: excess is good.
o Credit cards no limit.
o Rock style lifestyle.
o Drug dealers/drugs.
o Party lifestyle.
o Cribs-new homes.
o Huge bathroom.
o Change who they are= material comfort.
o Girls with no personality/just looks.
o New tour bus.
o Many cars.
o Autographs=free meals.
Term
6. Humanitarism
 Definition
• Be helpful, be kind, help in mass disasters/charities.
o Pay it forward.
o Volunteer/High school students.
o Good to give back.
o Flooding/news stories/help people.
Term
7. Equality:
 Definition
• Equal opportunity.
o Idea: Cognitive: Message of the American dream.
o Immigrants come to America in pursuing of this dream.
Term
Some add more American values such as:
 Definition
Term
8. Education
 Definition
• Good/desirable jobs.
• Go as far as you can.
o Obstacles: Rural areas.
o High schools counsel students to go to college. \
 Ideal not working/old trades vanishing
Supporting users have an ad free experience!