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Definition
A primary mechanism of homeostasis
A change in a monitored variable triggers a response that counteracts the initial fluctuation
Example: A thermostat will turn the air on or off if the temperature strays too far away from the set temperature |
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A physiological control mechanism
A change in some variable triggers mechanisms that amplify the change
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Term
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Definition
Observation
Question
Hypothesis
Prediction (if....then)
Test/Experiment
Conclusion
Hypothesis is supported vs. Hypothesis is not supported |
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Definition
| Substance that can not be broken down into a smaller substances by chemical reaction |
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Definition
The smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of the element
Made of Protons (+), Neutrons (0), Electrons (-) |
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Definition
| Two or more different elements combined in a fixed ratio |
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Definition
| More than one atom, not necessarily different elements |
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| Number of Protons + Number of Neutrons |
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Definition
| An atom that has a number of neutrons differing from the number of protons. |
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| The time it takes for half of the isotopes to decay and become non-radioactive |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
Any type of molecule held by ionic bond
Not super strong bond
Dissolve well in water |
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Definition
| A chemical bond caused by the attraction of oppositely charged ions |
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Definition
| A bond that occurs when elements share their valence electrons |
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Definition
| The attraction of a molecule to another molecule of the same type |
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Definition
| The attraction of a molecule to a molecule of a different kind |
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Definition
| The amount of energy it takes to change the temperature of 1g of a substance by 1 degree Celcius |
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Definition
| Nonpolar, repulsion to water |
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Term
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Definition
| Polar, attraction to water |
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Definition
| The measurement of the hydrogen ion concentration |
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Definition
| Increase hydrogen ion concentration |
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Definition
| Increase hydroxide ion concentration |
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Definition
A chemical that minimizes pH changes
Absorbs pH change like a sponge |
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Definition
| Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, Nucleic Acids |
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Term
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Definition
Polymers
Monomers
Monosaccharide - single sugar
Disaccharide - two sugars
Polysaccharide - Long chains of carbohydrates
Energy Storage
Starch + Glycogen
Structure
Cellulose + Chitin |
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Term
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Definition
Hydrophobic
Fats - provide insulation, energy, and cushion
Animals store energy as fat, not starch
Fatty Acid - hydrocarbon chain with a carboxylic acid
Saturated - can't add anymore hydrogens, no double bonds
Unsaturated - room for more hydrogens, double bonds |
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Definition
| Three fatty acids linked to a glycerol |
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Term
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Definition
Monomer - Amino Acid
peptides bond to form polypeptides
Structure
Primary - amino acid sequence
Secondary - hydrogen bonds fold into alpha helix and beta pleated sheet
Tertiary - R groups interact
Quaternary - two or more polypeptide chains |
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Term
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Definition
Enzymes
Structural Proteins
Storage Proteins
Transport Proteins
Hormones
Receptor Proteins
Motor Proteins |
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Definition
Monomer - Nucleotide
5-carbon sugar, nitrogenous base, phosphate group
DNA - gives the amino acid sequence for proteins
RNA - processes the genetic information |
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Definition
Bacteria and Archea
DNA not in nucleus
Lack membrane bound organelles
Capsule
DNA
Plasma Membrane
Cell Wall
Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
Flagella |
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Definition
Protists, Animals, Fungi, Plantea
Membrane bound organelles and DNA in a nucleus
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Definition
Rough + Smooth ER
Golgi Apparatus
Lysosomes
Vesicles
"Food Vacuoles" |
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