Term
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Definition
| The science of behavior (what we do and mental processes) |
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Term
| What is an ellusion correlation? |
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Definition
| when we think things are related and they aren't |
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Term
| How do we develop research? |
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Definition
| define the variables (figure out who we are measuring) |
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Term
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Definition
| the "I knew it all along" phenomenon |
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Term
| What is the false-consensus effect? |
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Definition
| we overestimate how much others think and behave like we do |
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Term
| What is descriptive research design? |
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Definition
the least sophisticated design; it describes what "is" (basic facts)
it is conducted through surveys, case studies, and naturalistic observation |
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Term
| What is correlational design? |
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Definition
| it typically has two or more variables and try to see if they are directly related; it does not prove causation; negative correlation (one group goes up the other goes down); third variable and naturally occurring variables |
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Term
| What is experimental design? |
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Definition
| studies cause-effect relationships; experiementer creates the groups; there is an independent variable (cause, what experimenter changes) and dependent variable (effect, will change because of messing with the IV); uses random assignment (how to determine how people are put in groups) |
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Term
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Definition
| the study of how the brain works |
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Term
| what is a neuron? what are the three types of neurons? |
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Definition
a nerve cell: consists of a dendrite (receive messages) and the axon (sends messages)
three types: sensory neurons (related to senses; bring info from senses to the brain to process), motor neurons (the neurons that take info from the brain to body parts), interneurons (how the other neurons communicate between one another |
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Term
| What is neural communication? |
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Definition
| when neurons talk to each other |
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Term
| What is action potential? |
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Definition
| a neural impulse; an electrical charge that travels down an axon generated by the movement of positively charged atoms in and out of channels in the axons membrane (chemical process) |
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Term
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Definition
| the level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse |
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Term
| What does the myelin sheath do? |
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Definition
| it helps messages travel more efficiently in the space allotted to them |
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Term
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Definition
| the junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite of the receiving neuron |
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Term
| What are neurotransmitters? |
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Definition
| chemical messengers that travel across the synaptic gaps between neurons |
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Term
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Definition
| when the neurotransmitters do not cross to the other side so the vesicles take them back in after a certain time frame |
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Term
| What does the nervous system consist of? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does central consist of? |
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Definition
| involves the brain and spinal cord |
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Term
| What does the peripheral consist of? |
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Definition
| everything else; autonomic (things that occur naturally; controls automatic functions)-> sympathetic and parasympathetic; somatic (the skeletal muscles, motor movements etc. |
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Term
| What are the 2 hemispheres of the brain? |
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Definition
| The left and right: sensory and motion are oppositely controlled |
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Term
| What holds the brain together? |
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Definition
| the corpus callosum (carries messages between the hemispheres) |
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Term
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Definition
| frontal (self-monitoring, planning, personality, and speech production); parietal (sensory and motor cortex, physical or tactile stuff, language input); occipital (sight); temporal (receiving of language, auditory, memory) |
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Term
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Definition
| our awareness of ourselves and our environment |
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Term
| What is selective attention? |
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Definition
| the focus of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus |
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Term
| What is the circadian rhythm? |
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Definition
| bodily rhythms that occur on a 24 hour cycle such as wakefulness and body temperature |
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Term
| What are alpha and delta waves? |
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Definition
alpha: slow waves of a relaxed awake brain
delta: large, slower waves of deep sleep |
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Term
| What are the sleep stages? |
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Definition
| Sleep Stage 1 (the brief transition stage when first asleep (lasts 5 mins); hypnagogic sensation (the feeling of falling, muscle tension is released)); sleep stage 2 through 4 (about 20 mins at first then lengthens; REM (rapid eye movement): vivid dreams, paradoxical sleep |
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Term
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Definition
| sleepwalkig, cannot occur in REM |
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Term
| What are nightmares (REM)? |
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Definition
| frightening dreams that wake a sleeping person from REM, will have some memory |
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Term
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Definition
| occur within 2 to 3 hours of falling asleep and usually occur during stage 4; high arousal; appearance of being terrified |
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