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| Organic molecules are formed by_____? |
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| Polymers Are Built of_____? |
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| Organic Molecules have ____ Based Core? |
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| The Core of Ogranic molecules have a group of atoms called _____ attached to them? |
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| the functional groups confer specific chemical properties on the____? |
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| The building materials of the body are known as _______ because they can be very large |
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| What are four types of macromolecules? |
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Definition
Proteins
Nucleic acids
Carbohydrates
Lipids |
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| Large macromolecules are actually assembled from many similar small components, called ______ |
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| Large _______ are actually assembled from many similar small components, called monomers |
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Term
| the assembled chain of monomers is known as a ______. |
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| a polymer is known as what? |
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Definition
| the assembled chain of monomers |
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Term
| a covalent bond is formed by___________ from one sub-unit and a hydrogen (H) from another sub-unit |
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Definition
| removing an hydroxyl group (OH) |
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Term
| a covalent bond is formed by removing an hydroxyl group (OH) from one subunit and a _____ from another subunit |
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Definition
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| a ______ Bond is formed by removing an hydroxyl group (OH) from one subunit and a hydrogen (H) from another subunit |
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Definition
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Term
a covalent bond is formed by removing an hydroxyl group (OH) from one subunit and a hydrogen (H) from another subunit
because this amounts to the removal of a molecule of water (H2O), this process of linking together two subunits to form a polymer is c |
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Definition
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a molecule of water is added to break the covalent bond between the _____
this process is known as hydrolysis |
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Term
a molecule of water is added to break the ______ between the monomers
this process is known as hydrolysis |
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Definition
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Term
a molecule of water is added to break the covalent bond between the monomers
this process is known as _______ |
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Definition
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Term
| Why is the order of the amino acids that form the polypeptide important |
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Definition
| because the sequence of the amino acids affects how the protein folds together |
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| What determines the protein’s function |
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Definition
| the way that a polypeptide folds to form the protein |
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Term
| the way that a polypeptide folds to form the protein determines the_____? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the four general levels to protein structure |
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Definition
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Quaternary |
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Term
| the sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain is known as the what? |
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| ______determines all other levels of protein structure |
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| ______forms because regions of the polypeptide that are non-polar are forced together |
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| _____ is the final 3-D shape of the protein |
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| ______ is the spatial arrangement of proteins comprised of more than one polypeptide chain |
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Definition
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| What may cause the Tertiary structure of a proteins to unfold |
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Definition
| changes to the environment of the protein |
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| the folding process is helped by special proteins called _____proteins |
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Definition
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Term
| _____are very long polymers that store information |
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Definition
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| Nucleic acids are comprised of monomers called____? |
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Definition
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Term
| each nucleotide has 3 parts |
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Definition
a five-carbon sugar
a phosphate group
an organic nitrogen-containing base |
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Term
| How is RNA different to DNA? |
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Definition
it uses uracil instead of thymine
it is comprised of just one strand
it has a ribose sugar |
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Definition
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Term
| Cytosine (C) pairs with_____? |
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| the bond holding together a base pair is _____bond |
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| ______are monomers that make up the structural framework of cells and play a critical role in energy storage |
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Term
| a carbohydrate is any molecule that contains the elements _____ in a 1:2:1 ratio |
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| simple carbohydrates – made up of one or two_____? |
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| ___ carbohydrates is made up of polymers |
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| _______ consist of only one monomer subunit |
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| _____consist of two monosaccharides |
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Definition
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| an example of disaccharides is the _______, which is formed by joining together two ______ |
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Definition
sugar sucrose
monosaccharides, glucose and fructose |
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