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Chapter1 terms
levels of organisation and feedback terms
22
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
01/10/2011

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Term
anatomy
Definition
study of structure and relationship of body parts
Term
physiology
Definition

study of function of anatomical structures,

their physical and chemical properties

Term
cellular level
Definition
lowest level of organisation
Term
tissue level
Definition

 

group of similar cells with same function

Term
organ level
Definition
two or more different tissues working together
Term
system level
Definition

 

organs working together
(cardiovascular system = heart, blood, vessels)
Term
organism level
Definition

 

systems working together,
form highest level of organization
 (human)
Term
metabolism
Definition

chemical reactions in body;

allow growth, repair, secretion, muscle contraction

Term
catabolism
Definition

 

breakdown of complex molecules into smaller fragments;
 energy created.

AB à A + B

Term
anabolism
Definition

 

synthesis of new molecules from smaller components;
energy required.

A + B à AB

Term
homeostasis
Definition

 

maintenance of stable internal environment
necessary for survival
Term
feedback
Definition

way to maintain homeostasis,

keeps body within certain limits

Term
receptor
Definition
sensitive to environment (stimulus)
Term
control center
Definition
receives information from receptor regarding stimulus, has a set point
Term
effector
Definition
responds to control center commands, giving negative or positive feedback to receptor
Term
negative feedback
Definition

 

result of action reverses the action
Term
positive feedback
Definition

 

result of action stimulates further action
Term
these cuts are for tissue samples to study with microscope
Definition

cross section

longitudinal section

oblique section

Term
cross section
Definition
tissue cut perpendicular to long axis
Term
longitudinal section
Definition
tissue cut parallel to long axis
Term
oblique section
Definition
tissue cut at an angle to long axis
Term
number of anatomical regions and quadrants
Definition

9 regions

4 quadrants

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