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| A set of abbreviations for elements. |
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| Law of Constant Composition |
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Definition
| A given compound always contains elements in exactly the same proportion by mass. |
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| Elements contain atoms. Atoms in an element are the same & different from any other substance. They can combine to form compounds but are invisible in chemical reactions. |
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| The fundamental unit of which elements are composed. |
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| A substance with constant composition that can be broken down into elements by chemical processes. |
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| A representation of a molecule in which the symbols for the elements are used to indicate the types of atoms present & subscripts are used to show the relative number of atoms. |
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| A negatively charged particle that occupies the space around a nucleus of an atom. |
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| The modern concept of the atom as having a dense center of positive charge (the nucleus) & electrons moving around the outside. |
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| The small, dense center of positve charge in an atom. |
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| A positively charged particle in an atomic nucleus. |
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| A neutral particle found in most nuclei-slightly more mass than protons. |
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| Atoms of the same element (the same number of protons) that have different numbers of neutrons. They have identical atomic numbers but have different mass numbers. |
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| The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom; each element has a unique atomic number. |
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| The total number of protons & neutrons in the atomic nucleus of an atom. |
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| A chart showing all the elements arranged in columns in such a way that all the elements in a given column exhibit simpler chemical properties. |
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| A vertical column of elements having the same electron configuration & similar chemical properties. |
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| Several series of elements in which inner orbitals are being filled. |
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| An element that gives up electrons relatively easy & is typically lustrous, malleable, & a good conductor of heat & electricity. |
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| An element that does not exhibit metallic characteristics. Chemically, a typical nonmetal accepts electrons from a metal. |
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| An element that has both metallic & nonmetallic properties. |
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| A molecule composed of two atoms. |
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| An atom or a group of atoms that has a net positive or negative charge. |
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| A compound that results when a metal reacts to a nonmetal to form cations & anions. |
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