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Chapter 9 Study
Pre-Ap Biology 10 Fundamentals of Genetics
18
Biology
10th Grade
11/18/2013

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Term
Trait
Definition
A genetically determined variant of a characteristic, such as a yellow flower color.
Term
Gene
Definition
A short segment of DNA that contains the instructions for a single trait.
Term
Allele
Definition
One of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as hair color.
Term
Genotype
Definition
The entire genetic makeup of an organism; also the combination of genes for one or more specific traits
Term
Heterozygous
Definition
Describes an individual that has two different alleles for a trait. Ee
Term
Homozygous
Definition
Describes an individual that has two identical alleles for a trait on both homologous chromosomes. PP
Term
Mono-hybrid Cross
Definition
A cross between individuals that involves one pair of contrasting traits.
Term
Di-hybrid Cross
Definition
A cross between individuals that have different alleles for the same gene.
Term
Heredity
Definition
The passing of genetic traits form parent to offspring.
Term
Phenotype
Definition
An organisms appearance or other detectable characteristic that results form the organism's Genotype and the environment.
Term
Law of Segregation
Definition
Mendel's law that states that the pairs of homologous chromosomes separate in meiosis so that only one chromosome from each pair is present in each gamete.
Term
Self Pollination
Definition
The transfer of pollen grains from an anther to the stigma of the same flower or to the stigma of another flower on the same plant.
Term
Cross Pollination
Definition
A reproductive process in which pollen from one plant is transferred to the stigma of another plant.
Term
Punnet Square
Definition
A graphic used to predict the results of a genetic cross.
Term
When segregation of alleles happens
Definition
Meiosis
Term
Equation of Probability
Definition
Probability= number of times an event is expected to happen/ number of times an event could happen
Term
Co-Dominance
Definition
Both alleles for a gene are expressed in a heterozygous offspring.
Term
Complete Dominance
Definition
One trait is completely dominate over another.
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