Term
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Definition
| Where rigid parts of a skeleton meet |
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Term
| What are the three articulations of joints? |
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Definition
1. bone to bone
2. bone to cartilage
3. teeth in bony sockets |
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Term
| What is the general functions of joints? |
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Definition
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Term
| Definition of synarthroses? |
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Definition
| immovable joints (ex. cranial sutures) |
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Term
| Definition of amphiarthrroses? |
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Definition
| slightly movable joints (ex. pubic symphysis) |
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Term
| Definition of diarthrosis? |
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Definition
| freely movable joints (ex. shoulder joint) |
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Term
| What are the three structural types of joints? |
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Definition
1. fibrous joint - DCT join bones
2. cartilaginous joint - cartilage
3. synovial joint - joint capsule and accessory ligaments |
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Term
| What is the purpose of the articular discs (or menisci) in a synovial joint? |
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Definition
| allows 2 different shaped bones to fit tightly |
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Term
| What is the purpose of a bursae in a synovial joint? |
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Definition
| a sac-like structure between skin/bone or tendon/bone or joint to reduce friction |
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Term
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Definition
| an elongated bursae around a tendon |
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Term
| How does an articular surface influence joint stability? |
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Definition
| helps the bones fit together nicely and seldom play a role in joint stability |
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Term
| How does a ligament influence joint stability? |
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Definition
| hold the bones together and prevent excessive or undesirable movements |
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Term
| How does muscle tone influence joint stability? |
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Definition
| keeping tension on the muscle tendons that cross over the joints |
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Term
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Definition
| flat surfaces of two bones slip across each other |
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Term
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Definition
| decreases the angle between the bones |
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Term
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Definition
| increasing the angle between the bones, straightening |
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Term
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Definition
| bending a joint back beyond its normal range |
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Term
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Definition
| moving away from the body's midline |
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Term
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Definition
| moving toward the body's midline |
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Term
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Definition
| moving in a circle (combining flexion, abduction, extension, and adduction) |
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Term
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Definition
| the limbs anterior surface turns toward the median plane |
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Term
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Definition
| the limb's anterior surface turns away from the medial plane |
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Term
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Definition
| lifting a body part superiorily |
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Term
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Definition
| moving the elevated part inferiorily |
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Term
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Definition
| moving a body part in the anterior direction (jutting out your jaw) |
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Term
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Definition
| moving a body part in the posterior direction (tucking your jaw in) |
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Term
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Definition
| Rotating so the limb is facing anteriorly (it's lying on its "back") |
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Term
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Definition
| Rotating so the limb is facing posteriorly (it's lying on its "belly") |
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Term
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Definition
| ex. turning the sole of your foot medially |
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Term
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Definition
| ex. turning the sole of your foot laterally |
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Term
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Definition
| lifting the foot so its superior surface approaches the shin |
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Term
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Definition
| depressing the foot, elevating the heel |
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Term
| What are the six types of synovial joints? |
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Definition
1. Plane joint
2. Hinge joint
3. Pivot joint
4. Condyloid joint
5. Saddle joint
6. Ball-and-Socket joint |
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Term
| What are the possible movements of a plane joint? give examples and articulations of each example |
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Definition
movement: short gliding or translational movements
example: carpal bones |
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Term
What are the possible movements of a hinge joint?
give examples and articulations of each example |
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Definition
movement: flexion and extension in a med/lat axis
example: elbow joint (trochlea of humerus and trochlear notch of ulna) |
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Term
What are the possible movements of a pivot joint?
give examples and articulations of each example |
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Definition
movement: rotation in a verticle axis
example: proximal radioulnar joint (head of radius and radial notch of ulna) |
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Term
| What are the possible movements of a condyloid joint? give examples and articulation of each example |
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Definition
movement: flexion/extension in a med/lat axis, adduction/abduction in a ant/post axis
example: metacarpophalangeal joint (metacarpal and distal phalange) |
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Term
What are the possible movements of a saddle joint?
give examples and articulations of each example |
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Definition
movement: adduction/abduction in med/lat axis, flextion/extension in ant/post axis
example: thumb joint (trapezium and metacarpal 1) |
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Term
| What are the possible movements of ball-and-socket joints? give examples and articulation of each example |
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Definition
movement: flexion/extension in med/lat axis, adduction/abduction in ant/post axis, rotation in vertical axis
example: shoulder joint (glenoid cavity of scapula and head of humerus) |
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