Term
| What are four parts to a lever? |
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Definition
Rigid Bar (IE Bones)
Pivot or Fulcrum (IE Joints)
Resistance
Force |
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Term
| How do you know what class a lever is in? |
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Definition
| The middle part of the lever will determine the class in which the lever is in. |
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Term
| If the lever is considered first class what part holds the middle position? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is an Example of first class levers? |
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Definition
Scissors and seesaws
extension at the elbow |
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Term
| What are the order of the parts in first class levers? |
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Definition
| Resistance, Pivot, Force. |
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Term
| What are the order of the parts in the second class levers? |
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Definition
| Pivot, Resistance, Force. |
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Term
| What part of the lever holds the middle column to make it a second class lever? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are examples of a second class lever? |
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Definition
Wheel Barrow
Opening the mouth |
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Term
| In what order are the lever parts put together to form a third class lever? |
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Definition
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Term
| What part of the lever is held in the middle which makes it a third class lever? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are examples of a third class lever? |
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Definition
Forceps and Tweezers
Flexion at the Elbow |
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Term
| What is the most comon class of levers in the human body? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the same length but allows force to change? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is an example of isometric action? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the word that describes the same force, with change in muscle length? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are two types of Isotonic action? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does concentric isotonic action do? |
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Definition
| Shortens muscle contraction. Makes the muscle shorter. |
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Term
| What does eccentric isotonic action do? |
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Definition
| Lengthens the muscle contraction making the muscle longer. |
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Term
| Which type of Isotonic action causes the most microscopic damage causing muscle growth? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is Isokenetic action? |
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Definition
| It is the same as isotonic except it controls the rate or pace to grow muscles. It also stimulates more muscles. |
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Term
| Which is the agonist when it comes to action? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the antagonist when it comes to action? |
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Definition
| It is usually on the opposite side |
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Term
| What must the antagonist do to allow prime mover to do there job? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the job of the synergyst? |
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Definition
| To assist in the movement of muscles. |
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Term
| Who is considered the stablizers when it comes to action and what does it do? |
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Definition
| Synergist, and they hold one body part still so another may move. I.E. Chin Ups must stabelize your shoulders to get over the bar. |
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Term
| What are the Rotator Cuff muscles? |
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Definition
| Supra Spinatus, InfraSpinatus, Teres minor, Sub scapularis. |
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Term
| Describe how a muscle relaxes? |
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Definition
| Calcium returns to the sarcoplasmic reticulum for storage causing troponin tropomyosin to re sove atin causing myosin to let go of actin. |
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Term
| Main Characteristics of smooth muscle? |
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Definition
| No striations, mono-nucleated, spindle shape, and involuntary. |
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Term
| Main characteristics of cardiac muscles? |
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Definition
| Bush like, Branched cells, itercallated discs, striations, mononucleated, Involuntary. |
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Term
| Main characteristics of skeletal muscles? |
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Definition
| Thread like, striated, multinucleated, voluntary. |
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Term
| Name the proteins associated with Muscles? |
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Definition
Actin and myosin
troponin and tropomyosin
Titin and actinin
dystrophin |
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Term
| which proteins are the sliding filament? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which proteins are complex and act as a sleeve for actin and myosin? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Cell membrane of a muscle |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| What is sarcoplasmic reticulum? |
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Definition
| WHere calcium is stored equivelant to endoplasmic reticulum |
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Term
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Definition
| It is a passageway going from the sarcolemma to the sarcoplasmic reticulum. |
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Term
| What is the motor end plate? |
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Definition
| It recieves messages from the Nervous system? |
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Term
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Definition
| Filaments that form together to make fibrils. |
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Term
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Definition
| produce color and are the carriers for oxygen just like hemogloben. |
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Term
| Where is the motor endplate? |
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Definition
| inside the sarcolemma, it is troph shaped and has protein receptors |
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Term
| What can start the metobolic process before the intake of oxygen? |
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Definition
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Term
| What and how much of what is produced by the liver and why? |
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Definition
| 4 hours worth of Glicogen is produced by the liver and it is saved for future use. |
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Term
| What determines the type of muscles that we have in our body? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most common type of tissue |
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Definition
| Type II A Fast occidative glycolitic. |
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Term
| Describe the differences between the Type 1 and type II B Muscel Isoforms? |
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Definition
| Type 1 has a low force production and is fatigue resistant, they have very thin red fibers they are occidative which means arobic metabolism, Type II B has high force production and are fast to fatigue they are glycolitic glycolisis, they lack mitochondria and oxygen and are thick and white. |
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Term
| When it comes to connective tissues what are three types of fascia? |
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Definition
| Subcutaneous fascia, subserious fascia, and deep fascia. |
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Term
| What surrounds muscles with names? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is associated with bundles of cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the functional unit of a muscle contraction? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the dark band where actin and myosin overlap causin it to be to thick for light to penetrate? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the lighter bands where only actin is and the thin filament is allowing light through? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where actin is attached like bookends to myosin? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What are the arms of myosin called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What percent of cell volume is found within the cell body? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the majority of the cell volume found |
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Definition
| In the axons and dendrites |
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Term
| Production of transmitters occurs where? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where do axons send neuro transmitters through. |
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Definition
| The axo terminal or there distal ends |
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Term
| Where are most of the cell body of neurons found? |
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Definition
| in the brain and the spinal cord |
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Term
|
Definition
| fat that insolates making axon white which is white matter? |
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Term
| What is an axon without Myalin |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the gaps caused by myalin not covering the complete axon called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is Saltitory conduction? |
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Definition
| I is when messages are sent down a myolin coverd axon and must jump over the nodes of ransvier allowing the message to be sent quicker |
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Term
| Where does the production of Myolin happen? |
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Definition
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Term
| At what age is mylonation finished by? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a singular projection from the cell body called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the bump in which the single axon is produced from? |
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Definition
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Term
| What acts like a satelite dish picking up chemical messages from axons and neurons? |
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Definition
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Term
| Dendrites are what and what and are close to what? |
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Definition
| Numorous, highly branched, and close to the body. |
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Term
| What are the three nueron varieties? |
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Definition
| Motor, Sensory, and association |
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Term
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Definition
| It is an efferent nueron, it is the action of outputfrom the brain |
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Term
| What is a sensory Neuron? |
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Definition
| it is an afferent nueron, sending information to the brain from sensory organs. |
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Term
| What is an association nueron? |
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Definition
| They are internuerons that make up most of the brain and the spinal cord. |
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Term
| What is a Neuroglia or glial cell and what is its function? |
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Definition
| It is much smaller than a neuron and are there to support the neuron. They help to provide nutrients, a barrier, and help to keep the nervous system healthy. |
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Term
| What is the nercous system? |
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Definition
| It is the master control center and is kept seperate from other organ systems. |
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Term
| What cells occupy the nervous system? |
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Definition
| Astrocytes, microglia, epidymal |
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Term
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Definition
| It is considered the blood brain barrier is is not present in the patuitart gland or the madula oblongata. they look like stars and are the connection between blood vessles and they are the filter for neurons. |
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Term
| What is a microglial cell? |
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Definition
| It is a scavanger like a white blood cell and it eats bacteria. |
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Term
| What is an epidymal cell? |
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Definition
| epithelium that lines spaces they act as covering for the brain, |
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Term
| What is oligodendrocytes? |
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Definition
| associated with multiple sclorouses. it directs axons into nerves. |
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Term
| What are two neuroglia cells in the peripheral nervous sytem? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What do Satelite cells do |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| mylonate axons by using there whole body. |
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Term
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Definition
| The motor neuron is considered pre synapse and shoots message across the synaptic cleft, which is a gap and the targets receive the message, targets are post synapse |
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Term
| What is the most common neuro transmitter in the body? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is part of the central nervous system, |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the Periphreal nervous system? |
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Definition
| Afferent sensory, and efferent motor |
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Term
| What are branches of effernt motor |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| concious control of body, skeletal muscle system |
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Term
|
Definition
| Unconcious or involuntary associated with exocrine and endocrine glands. smooth and cardiac muscles and addipose tissue |
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Term
| what are two branches of Autonomic |
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Definition
| Sympethetic and para symphathetic |
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Term
|
Definition
| Fight or flight noreepinepherin |
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| The outside of cell membrane will always carry what kind of charge? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What state is resting membrane potential |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the voltage while at rest |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| what is the threshhold woltage |
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| group of neurons with common problems |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is behavior convergence |
|
Definition
| input from several areas come to one center |
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|
Term
| functional unit of neural processing are |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what re the two types of long term memory |
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Definition
| reflexive and declarative |
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Term
| Where is reflexive long term memory kept |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| where is declarative long term memory kept |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is decarative memory |
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Definition
| planned and though out before remembered |
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Term
|
Definition
| not thought out it just happens like playing a piano. |
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Term
|
Definition
| there are two hemispheres and one is dominate |
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Term
| What do we associate our left hemisphere of brain with |
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Definition
| language and verbal skills. |
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Term
| What does gustatory sense |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What does occipital nerve |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what is frontal responsible for |
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Definition
| worry, Planning and touch sensory |
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Term
| Parietal is resposible for |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the control center for homeostasis? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What connects the two hemispheres |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what controls eye movement |
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Definition
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|
Term
| what helps modify breathing |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the reflex center |
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the hypo thalamus |
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Definition
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