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Chapter 9
Earth and Moon
24
Science
7th Grade
02/01/2010

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Term
astronomy
Definition
the study of the moon, stars, and other objects
Term
axis
Definition
the imaginary line that passes through Earth's center and the north and south poles
Term
rotation
Definition
Earth spinning on its axis
Term
revolution
Definition
the movement of one ofject around another object
Term
orbit
Definition
Earth's path as it revolved around the sun
Term
latitude
Definition
the measurement of distance from the equator expressed in degrees north and south
Term
solstice
Definition
the day when the sun is directly overhead at either 23.5 degrees north or south
Term
equinox
Definition
the day when the sun is directly overhead at the equator
Term
vernal equinox
Definition
occurs around March 21 and marks the spring in the Northern Hemisphere
Term
autumnal equinox
Definition
occurs around September 23 and marks the beginning of fall in the Northern Hemisphere
Term
phases
Definition
different shapes of the moon you see from Earth
Term
eclipse
Definition
when an object in space comes between the sun and a third object and casts a shadow on that object
Term
solar eclipse
Definition
occurs when the moon passes between the Earth and the sun
Term
lunar eclipse
Definition
occurs at full moon when the Earth is directly between the moon and the sun
Term
umbra
Definition
the darkest part of moon's shadow
Term
penumbra
Definition
the larger part of the shadow; part of the sun is visible from Earth
Term
tide
Definition
the rise of fall of water caused by the pull of the moon
Term
gravity
Definition
the force that pulls the moon and Earth toward each other
Term
spring tide
Definition
the combined forces produce a tide with the greatest difference between high and low tide
Term
neap tide
Definition
the arrangement produces a tide with the least difference between high and low tide
Term
telescope
Definition
has a lens that focuses the light coming through the tube making distant objects seem closer
Term
crater
Definition
a round pit on the moon's surface
Term
maria
Definition
dark flat areas on the moon
Term
extraterrestrial
Definition
life other than that on Earth
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