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Chapter 9 vocab
chapter 9 reiview vocab
49
Psychology
12th Grade
09/18/2011

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Term
Flashbulb memories
Definition

clear memory of a an emotional significant event

 

Term
encoding
Definition

process of information into the memory system

 

Term
storage
Definition
the retention of encoded memory over time
Term
retrieval
Definition
process of getting information out of the memory system
Term
sensory memory
Definition
the immediate, very brief recording of sensory information in the memory system
Term
short term/working memory
Definition
activated memory that holds a few items briefly, such as the seven digits of a phone number while dialing
Term

long term memory

 

Definition
relativiley permanent and limitless storehouse of the memroy system
Term
automatic processing
Definition
unconsious encoding of incidental information. Example: route to class
Term
effortfull processing
Definition

processing that needs attention and concsious effort

 

Term
next-in-line effect
Definition
when people go in a line to remember a word (usually a name) and their poorest memories are what was said by the person before them.
Term
rehearsal
Definition
conscious repetition of information
Term
spacing effect
Definition
distributing studying, practice to get better long term retention
Term
serial position effect
Definition
our tendency to remember the first and last items
Term
rosy retrospection
Definition
remembering something more positive then negative
Term
semantic coding
Definition
encoding of meaning
Term
acoustic encoding
Definition
encoding through sound
Term
visual encoding
Definition
encoding through images
Term
self refrence effect
Definition
Good recall on information you can relate to yourself
Term
mneumonic devices
Definition
ways to help memorize
Term
chunking
Definition
organizing items into familiar terms
Term
hierachies
Definition
organizing information into categories to retrieve information quicker
Term
iconic memory
Definition
momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli. lasts 1/20th of a second
Term
echoic memory
Definition
sensory memory of auditory stimuli. Lasts 3-4 seconds in the echoic chamber
Term
Long term potentiation (LTP)
Definition
increas of synapses firing potential after brief rapid stimulation. Synapses increases in effeciency
Term
amnesia
Definition
loss of memory
Term
implicit memory
Definition
retention independent of concsious recollection. Learning to play a game faster. Cerebellum
Term
explicit memory
Definition
having no memory of expierences and cant declare it. Damage to hippocampus
Term
Hippocampus
Definition
helps proccess explicit memories
Term
Cerebellum
Definition
helps process implicit memories
Term
infantile amnesia
Definition
When you cant remember something somethingbefore the age of 3
Term
recall
Definition
retrive information learned earlier. Fill in blank test.
Term
Recognition
Definition
a measure of memory where the person only needs to identify terms. like on a multiple choice test
Term
relearning
Definition
the amount of time saved to relearn
Term
priming
Definition
activation, often unconsiously,of particular associations
Term
context effects
Definition
a place and thing that reminds you something. "Dull Pencil"
Term
deja vu
Definition
that eerie sense that you experienced this before.
Term
state dependent memory
Definition
where ever you learn in one state is sometimes more easily to remember when you are back in that state
Term
mood congruent memory
Definition
tendency to remember things that the same as your mood.
Term
proactive interference
Definition
disruptive of prior learning on the recall on new learning
Term
retroactive interference
Definition
disruptive of new learning on the recall of old learning
Term
repression
Definition
our memory's self censor of painfull information
Term
misinformation effect
Definition
incorporating misleading information into ones memory of an event. "did the car SMASH into the other."
Term
source amnesia
Definition
attributing to the wrong source of an event we have experienced, heard about, read about, or imagined.
Term
Herman Ebbinghaus
Definition
Learning material meaningfull takes 1/10 the effort. Forgetting curve at ends levels off.
Term
Craik and Tulving
Definition
Study of semantic, acoustic, and visual.
Term
Bower
Definition
Encoding: encoding using heirarchies.
Term
Sperling
Definition
Showed people 3 rows of letters for only 1/20th of a second. Discovered iconinc memory
Term
Lloyd and Margaret Peterson
Definition
short term memory decay. Count back by 3's. longer mind is diverted the less it remembers with out active processing.
Term
Elizabeth Lotfus
Definition
Misinformation effect. Can change memories by retrieval ques.
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