when the Civil War (1861-65) ended, until 1871, when Republican government and military occupation in the state ended. Though relatively brief, Reconstruction transformed the state politically, socially, and economically.

helped both former slaves and poor whites cope with their everyday problems by offering them clothing, food, and other necessities.

agriculture system common after the Civil War where landless farmers worked the land of a landowner who also supplied a house, farming, tools and animals, seed, and fertilizer in return for a share of the harvest

an agricultural system common agter the Civil War where a farmer worked the land of a lanowner in exchange for cash or an agreed-upon share of the harvest; tenant farmers usually owned some agricultural equipment and animals

granted citizenship to the freedmen and forbade any state from denying anyone the "equal protection of the law"

gave all male citizens the right to vote and returned Georgia to military control

one of the first African Americans elected to the Georgia, in 1868 were kicked out because law only gave rights for black to vote, but did not say they were aloud to be in political office

secret organization that tried to keep freedmen from testing their new rights by causing terror

Lincoln wanted the Confederate states to take an oath of allegiance to the US and when 10% of each state had taken the oath, the state would be re-admitted to the Union. Andrew Johnson wanted the southern stated to ratify the 13th Amendment to US Constitution. Congress required southern states to also ratify the 14th and 15th amendments