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Chapter 9 - Physiology and Histology of the Skin
Esthetician Exam Review
51
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Undergraduate 1
04/28/2010

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Term
The largest organ of the body is:
Definition
Skin
Term
The barrier function of the skin includes:
Definition
Acid mantle
Term
Which word defines hydro?
Definition
Water
Term
Identify the 2 layers or sections of the skin.
Definition
Dermis and Epidermis
Term
Approximately what percentage of water is found in healthy skin?
Definition
50-70%
Term
Keratin and intercellular lipids are formed in the:
Definition
Stratum Granulosum
Term
Which layer of the skin produces melanin?
Definition
Stratum Germinativum
Term
The junction where the dermis connects to the epidermis is called:
Definition
Epidermal-Dermal junction
Term
____________ aid in the production of collagen and elastin.
Definition
Fibroblasts
Term
Subcutis or _____________ tissue is found below the reticular layer.
Definition
Adipose
Term
Identify the slender outgrowth of the scalp.
Definition
Hair
Term
Which fibers stimulate the arrector pili muscles?
Definition
Motor Nerves
Term
Which cells in the basal layer produce pigment granules?
Definition
melanocytes
Term
The _________________ glands produce sweat.
Definition
Sudoriferous
Term
What do cells need in order to survive?
Definition
to proliferate, nourishment and protection
Term
What are phospholipids, glycolipids, cholesterol, triglycerides, squalene and waxes?
Definition
Lipids.
Term
_______________________ of cells are replaced by the body on a daily basis.
Definition
Billions
Term
What stimulates cell turnover?
Definition
Alpha Hydroxy acids.
Term
Atoms or molecules with unpaired electrons are called:
Definition
Free Radicals
Term
Free radical activity causes:
Definition
Inflammation
Term
Natural antioxidants are found in the skin? T or F
Definition
True !
Term
Which of the following causes premature aging of the skin?
Definition
Smoking, Tanning, Certain Drugs
Term
What is the greatest aging effect on the skin?
Definition
UV Rays
Term
_____________________ are called the burning UV rays.
Definition
UVB
Term
In order to block UVA and UVB rays, sunscreens must be:
Definition
Broad Spectrum
Term
Estrogen protects the skin by:
Definition
Being anti inflammatory, repairing skin tissue, having antioxidant qualities
Term
An esthetician's primary role isthe___________,_______, and nourish the skin.
Definition
Preserve, protect
Term
What is the average square footage and weight of an adult's skin?
Definition
22 sq ft; 8-10lbs
Term
What does TEWL stand for?
Definition
Transepidermal Water Loss
Term
The most amazing feature of the skin is it's ability to:
Definition
heal itself
Term
Which glands excrete perspiration and detoxify the body?
Definition
Sudoriferous
Term
Skin Absorbs:
Definition
Oxygen
Term
Physiology ismost accurately described as:
Definition
Study of internal workings of living organisms.
Term
Appendages of the skin include:
Definition
Hair, nails, sweat and oil glands
Term
Primary functions of the skin include:
Definition

Protection and sensation

heat regulation and secretion

absorption and excretion

respiration

Term
What does the skin protect against?
Definition
outside elements and microorganisms
Term
Fat insulation keeps the body:
Definition
Warm
Term
The sebaceous glands:
Definition
Soften the skin
Term

Which is not a layer of the skin ?

Stratum Lucidum

Stratum germinativum

Stratum granulosum

Epithelial layer

Definition
Epithelial layer
Term
Lipids protect cells from:
Definition
Dehydration
Term
It is important to understand the function of each layer of the skin because it helps you to:
Definition
Correctly choose products and treatments
Term
Mitosis occurs in which layer of skin?
Definition
Stratum Germinativum
Term
The 2 layers of the dermis are:
Definition
Papillary and Reticular
Term
Papillae arelocated:
Definition
At the bottom of follicles
Term
Elastin forms:
Definition
elastic tissue
Term
Absorption of water and oxygen are necessary for:
Definition
Skin Health
Term
The _____________________ is also referred to as the spiny layer.
Definition
Stratum Spinosum
Term
Describe the stratum corneum.
Definition
Translucent layerthat allows sunlight to pass through the skin.
Term
The _________________ is also called thebasal layer of the epidermis.
Definition
Stratum Germinativum
Term
The thickest layer of the skin is called the:
Definition
Dermis
Term
Which is the proper name for cell division?
Definition
Mitosis
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