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Chapter 9 and 10 Science study guide
Chapter 9 and 10 science 8 study guide
26
Science
8th Grade
06/02/2009

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Term
Chemical Reaction
Definition
A process in which one or more substances change to make one or more new substances.
Term
Precipitate
Definition
A solid substance that forms in a solution.
Term
Chemical Bond
Definition
A force that holds two atoms together in a molecule.
Term
Exothermic Reaction
Definition
A chemical reaction in which energy is released.
Term
Endothermic Reaction
Definition
A chemical reaction in which energy is taken in.
Term
The Law of Conservation of Energy
Definition
States that energy cannot be created or destroyed but can be changed from one form to another.
Term
Chemical Formula
Definition
A combination of chemical symbols and numbers to represent a substance.
Term
Chemical Equation
Definition
Uses chemical symbols and formulas as a short way to describe a chemical reaction.
Term
Reactant
Definition
A substance or molecule that participates in a chemical reaction.
Term
Product
Definition
A substance that forms in a chemical reaction.
Term
Law of Conservation of Mass
Definition
States the mass cannot be created or destroyed in ordinary chemical and physical changes.
Term
Coefficient
Definition
Number that is placed in front of a chemical symbol or formula.
Term
Ionic Bond
Definition
An attraction between oppositely charged ions.
Term
Ionic Compounds
Definition
Compounds that have ionic bonds. Have very high melting points.
Term
Table Salt
Definition
An example of an ionic compound.
Term
Crystal Lattice
Definition
A repeating three-dimensional pattern.
Term
Covalent Compounds
Definition
Compounds that form when atoms share electrons.
Term
Covalent Bond
Definition
Forms as a result of sharing of electrons. Some are not soluble in water, have low melting points, and do not conduct electric current.
Term
Molecule
Definition
The smallest particle into which a covalently bonded compound can be divided and still be the same compound.
Term
Acid
Definition
Any compound that increases the number of hydronium ions when dissolved in water. Many are corrosive (destroying many things).
Term
Indicator
Definition
A substance that changes color inthe presence of an acid or base. Can identify whether a solution an acid or a base.
Term
Base
Definition
Any compound that increases the number of hydroxide ions.
Term
Strong Acid
Definition
All of he molecules of this break apart in water.
Term
Neutralization Reaction
Definition
The reaction of an acid and a base to form a neutral solution of water and a salt.
Term
pH
Definition
A value that is used to express the acidity or basicity of a system.
Term
Salt
Definition
An ionic compound formed from the positive ion of a base and the negative ion of an acid.
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