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| Process in which a single cell or set of cells produces offspring that inherit all their genetic materical from one parent |
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| process in which genetic material from two parents combines and produces offspring that differ genetically from either parent |
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| combination of DNA and protein molecules, in the form of long, thin fibers, making up the genetic material in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell |
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| condensed threads of genetic material formed from chromatin as a cell prepares to divide |
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| one of a pair of identical chromosomes created before a cell divides |
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| region where two sister chromatids are joined tightly together |
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| sequence of events from the production of a eukaryotic cell to the time the cell itself reproduces |
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| stage of the cell cycle during which a cell carries out its metabolic processes and performs its functions in the body |
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| stage of the cell cycle when a cell is actively dividing |
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| process by which the nucleus and duplicated chromosomes of a cell divide and are evenly distributed, forming two daughter nuclei |
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| process by which the cytoplasm of a cell is divided in two; usually follows mitosis and meiosis |
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| framework of microtubules that guide the movement of chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis |
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| region of cytoplasmic material that in animal cells contains structures called centrioles |
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| first stage of mitosis and of meiosis I and II, when the already replicated chromosomes condense |
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| second stage of mitosis and of meiosis I and II when the spindle is fully formed and all of the chromosomes are held in place |
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| third phase of mitosis and of meiosis I and II, in which the sister chromatids separate and move toward the poles of the spindle |
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| final stage of mitosis and of meiosis I and II, in which the chromosomes reach the spindle poles, nuclear envelopes form around each set of daughter chromosomes, and the nucleoli reappear |
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| disk containing cell wall material that develops in plant cells during cytokinesis, eventually dividing the cell into two daughter cells |
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