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Chapter 8 vocabulary
7th grade chapter 8 vocabulary
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Science
7th Grade
09/27/2013

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Term
organism
Definition
Anything living is called a(n) ________________________________.
Term
cell
Definition
A(n) __________________________ is the smallest unit of an organism that carries on the functions of life.
Term
homeostasis
Definition
The regulation of an organism's internal, life-maintaining condition despite changes in its environment is called __________________________.
Term
binomial nomemclature
Definition
The two-word naming system that Linnaeus used to name various organisms is called ________________________.
Term
genus
Definition
A(n) ____________________________ is a group of similar species.
Term
Phylogeny
Definition
_____________________ is the evolutionary history of an organism, that is, how the organism has changed over time.
Term
kingdom
Definition
There are broader groups preceding species, the largest of which is a(n) ______________________________.
Term
cell theory
Definition
______________ states
1. All organisms are made up of one or more cells.
2. The cell is the basic unit of organization in organisms.
3. All cells come from cells.
Term
Cell walls
Definition
______________________ are tough, rigid outer coverings that protect cells and give them shape.
Term
cell membrane
Definition
The protective layer surrounding every cell is the __________________________.
Term
cytoplasm
Definition
Cells are filled with a gelatin like substance called _____________________.
Term
ribosomes
Definition
Cells make their own proteins on small structures called _________________.
Term
organelles
Definition
Within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells are structures called ___________________, the largest of which is usually the nucleus.
Term
nucleus
Definition
All cellular activities are directed by the ___________________________.
Term
chloroplasts
Definition
In plant cells, food is made in green organelles in the cytoplasm called _________________________.
Term
Mitochondria
Definition
___________________ are organelles where energy is released when food is broken down into carbon dioxide and water.
Term
endoplasmic reticulum
Definition
The ___________________________ is a series of folded membranes in which materials can be processed and moved around inside of the cell.
Term
Golgi bodies
Definition
The __________________________ are stacked, flattened membranes that sort proteins and other cellular substances and package them into membrane bound structures called vesicles.
Term
tissue
Definition
A(n) ______________________ is a group of similar cells that work together to do one job.
Term
Organ
Definition
A(n) ___________________________ is a structure made up of two or more different types of tissues that work together.
Term
organ system
Definition
A group of organs working together to perform a certain function is an ____________________________.
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